Pith. sign in

REVIEW 1 cited by

LeXFiles and LegalLAMA: Facilitating English Multinational Legal Language Model Development

Not yet reviewed by Pith; the record is open.

This paper has not been read by Pith yet. Machine review is queued; the pith claim, tier, and objections will appear here once it completes.

SPECIMEN: schema-true, not a live event

T0 review · schema-true

One-sentence machine reading of the paper's core claim.

pith:XXXXXXXX · record.json · timestamp

arxiv 2305.07507 v2 pith:ICWBBQLI submitted 2023-05-12 cs.CL

classification cs.CL
keywords legalperformanceplmsprobingknowledgelanguagelegallamalexfiles
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
0 comments
read the original abstract

In this work, we conduct a detailed analysis on the performance of legal-oriented pre-trained language models (PLMs). We examine the interplay between their original objective, acquired knowledge, and legal language understanding capacities which we define as the upstream, probing, and downstream performance, respectively. We consider not only the models' size but also the pre-training corpora used as important dimensions in our study. To this end, we release a multinational English legal corpus (LeXFiles) and a legal knowledge probing benchmark (LegalLAMA) to facilitate training and detailed analysis of legal-oriented PLMs. We release two new legal PLMs trained on LeXFiles and evaluate them alongside others on LegalLAMA and LexGLUE. We find that probing performance strongly correlates with upstream performance in related legal topics. On the other hand, downstream performance is mainly driven by the model's size and prior legal knowledge which can be estimated by upstream and probing performance. Based on these findings, we can conclude that both dimensions are important for those seeking the development of domain-specific PLMs.

Discussion (0). Sign in to comment.

Forward citations

Cited by 1 Pith paper

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. FLoE: Fisher-Based Layer Selection for Efficient Sparse Adaptation of Low-Rank Experts

    cs.LG 2025-05 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    FLoE uses Fisher information to pick the transformer layers that matter and a Bayesian optimizer to set LoRA rank, cutting trainable parameters while keeping or improving accuracy.

Pith tools