Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering

As of 16 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 40 of 40 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:1908.09324.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
1908.09324 v1

Coverage vector

measured 40 of 40 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.336228Z

measured 42 of 42 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00

measured 2 of 2 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T05:00:38.035740Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-12T05:56:24.233068Z

Reference resolution

40 of 40 outbound references displayed

verified exact2
verified fuzzy4
unresolved34
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 6a64cd9c-d578-47a4-a049-9decc489fe4b · outbound

This paper cites URL: " 'urlintro :=.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering URL: " 'urlintro :=

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.153263Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7f10aa3c-5900-4dcd-acc4-fb5d587dd701 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering write newline

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.158522Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f9694226-14fa-4c6d-862e-2b89da42de30 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.950537Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 002c91af-1d14-44f0-b588-c1b4a783a664 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.934315Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 1fee6c02-7533-4de1-a2f5-db20d1d833a7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.919209Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 025374ab-7ae0-4be5-acfb-89fce5905d2d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.903804Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 14a18dc3-3237-48ab-b74d-af4b4b49c725 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.886901Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 5ac89521-f635-44b5-95e6-4a46d923b53f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.869480Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation a99ee155-7b24-43fc-84e4-7ef52a869d79 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.192183Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation cd862317-304e-47e7-b0aa-f6815196f28a · outbound

This paper cites Toward Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Universal Encoder and Decoder.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Toward Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Universal Encoder and Decoder

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.196450Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e44f46d7-c73d-4c85-ac08-99c8e538c619 · outbound

This paper cites Achieving Human Parity on Automatic Chinese to English News Translation.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Achieving Human Parity on Automatic Chinese to English News Translation

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.201658Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4cc228cc-ebc6-45ed-bdae-847b8d2c7a38 · outbound

This paper cites Language Graph Distillation for Low-Resource Machine Translation.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Language Graph Distillation for Low-Resource Machine Translation

Reference 12

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.501540Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 08f31275-7e65-489f-86e5-026e97994a36 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.843331Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 28e51c36-a01d-448f-8349-c837e3a62b61 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.827848Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 78991d1e-eb3c-4851-af64-cb66cffe1c9c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.811437Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 011a66ac-1393-4e37-898b-4e4c33ab086f · outbound

This paper cites Le, Maxim Krikun, Yonghui Wu, Zhifeng Chen, Nikhil Thorat, Fernanda B.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Le, Maxim Krikun, Yonghui Wu, Zhifeng Chen, Nikhil Thorat, Fernanda B

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.792445Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation ea50b504-ff09-4178-bf4f-1b5322466a12 · outbound

This paper cites Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.228564Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0808151f-79c1-4448-8b33-ea260ea2ed81 · outbound

This paper cites Unsupervised Pivot Translation for Distant Languages.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unsupervised Pivot Translation for Distant Languages

Reference 18

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.465208Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 2c4068e3-597e-40ff-839c-672d44da15dc · outbound

This paper cites Levin, Patrick Littell, David R.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Levin, Patrick Littell, David R

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.776414Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 38795360-9ad8-43e8-898d-e2a89eea9459 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.760303Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 4b9b3cb0-6fa4-4604-8249-d9859a2e7c50 · outbound

This paper cites A neural interlingua for multilingual machine translation.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering A neural interlingua for multilingual machine translation

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.247797Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1fb64756-80e1-4174-9569-121b83cbfde2 · outbound

This paper cites Multi-task Sequence to Sequence Learning.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Multi-task Sequence to Sequence Learning

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.252896Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 61d11523-9fa1-49b2-ac6a-055db8447927 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.744021Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 72ccf758-5ca2-4544-92c4-d6d2d5c4ca9f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.728257Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 7a9fff37-1172-43c0-94de-4adb8d85c887 · outbound

This paper cites Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.266113Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation eb8348c8-1add-4788-a6a7-ff1df55fd748 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.271023Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2bfd1206-75a4-4c56-9fca-89195494e8e4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.702111Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 5b90d330-fa03-450a-b6e7-5ecff78b2d7b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.687230Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation f86f1710-4fa2-46be-bc2f-8d5a3c4e0176 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.673150Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 85c1a7fd-19ca-4996-965e-7cf0a32d0bb7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.658308Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 6e7d0961-9c80-42a8-ba38-b88c17eae90f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.642662Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 0a7d063b-6f24-460d-a5e0-a9c6d2bf5cc4 · outbound

This paper cites MASS: Masked Sequence to Sequence Pre-training for Language Generation.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering MASS: Masked Sequence to Sequence Pre-training for Language Generation

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.299427Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 32b227f8-ce1a-4274-900a-a2885b32354d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.626509Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 824c0a40-d22a-4c95-8c59-0b276dfef5ae · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.609128Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 93ceef33-0b36-441a-9a37-4185c2134e4e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.594337Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 7ebee6b4-db0b-4781-a117-ee094eba56d3 · outbound

This paper cites o rg Tiedemann and Robert \.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering o rg Tiedemann and Robert \

Reference 36

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.579388Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 35d48638-f4e3-4210-b87f-ca63223863a7 · outbound

This paper cites Tensor2Tensor for Neural Machine Translation.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Tensor2Tensor for Neural Machine Translation

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.322612Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a216cd4e-f158-4abd-b5ed-226d2790be76 · outbound

This paper cites Gomez, Lukasz Kaiser, and Illia Polosukhin.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Gomez, Lukasz Kaiser, and Illia Polosukhin

Reference 38

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.564232Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 5f695ac0-026e-4a2e-adc4-eba02687d0ce · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.547797Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation e163ab0f-e7c5-41ab-8159-481f9d25c53e · outbound

This paper cites Google's Neural Machine Translation System: Bridging the Gap between Human and Machine Translation.

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering Google's Neural Machine Translation System: Bridging the Gap between Human and Machine Translation

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:19:28.336228Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

Observation 52215501-640b-4745-9b8b-c993bcbbaa6b · inbound

Investigating Multilingual NMT Representations at Scale cites this paper.

Investigating Multilingual NMT Representations at Scale Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering

Reference 45

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T05:00:38.035740Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 32ccce58-7bf9-4ca9-914d-1047aa536891 · inbound

Evolving Knowledge Distillation for Lightweight Neural Machine Translation cites this paper.

Evolving Knowledge Distillation for Lightweight Neural Machine Translation Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Language Clustering

Reference 28

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-12T05:56:24.257483Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.