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Line Defect Quantum Numbers & Anomalies
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abstract
We explore the connection between the global symmetry quantum numbers of line defects and 't Hooft anomalies. Relative to local (point) operators, line defects may transform projectively under both internal and spacetime symmetries. This phenomenon is known as symmetry fractionalization, and in general it signals the presence of certain discrete 't Hooft anomalies. We describe this in detail in the context of free Maxwell theory in four dimensions. This understanding allows us to deduce the 't Hooft anomalies of non-Abelian gauge theories with renormalization group flows into Maxwell theory by analyzing the fractional quantum numbers of dynamical magnetic monopoles. We illustrate this method in $SU(2)$ gauge theories with matter fermions in diverse representations of the gauge group. For adjoint matter, we uncover a mixed anomaly involving the 0-form and 1-form symmetries, extending previous results. For $SU(2)$ QCD with fundamental fermions, the 't Hooft anomaly for the 0-form symmetries that is encoded by the fractionalization patterns of lines in the Maxwell phase is a consequence of the familiar perturbative (triangle) anomaly.
Forward citations
Cited by 7 Pith papers
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SymTFT for Continuous Symmetries: Non-linear Realizations and Spontaneous Breaking
Continuous-symmetry SymTFTs are extended to non-linear coset realizations and to spontaneous breaking using boundary and corner constructions, recovering CCWZ actions and SSB Ward identities.
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Gauging an Abelian extension A o G o K of a QFT symmetry is equivalent in one step or two (T/G ≃ T/A/K) for finite Abelian groups and for K≃U(1), with the dual discrete symmetry encoding magnetic topological data via ...
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