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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying

As of 13 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 72 of 72 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2412.15177.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2412.15177 v1

Coverage vector

measured 72 of 72 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:23.570040Z

measured 73 of 73 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-14T19:59:13.378797Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-14T19:59:25.716465Z

Reference resolution

72 of 72 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact1
  • verified fuzzy24
  • unresolved47
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation b08ef645-289f-4b84-8223-46cf6a2b8846 · outbound

This paper cites The surprising effectiveness of test-time training for abstract reasoning, 2024.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying The surprising effectiveness of test-time training for abstract reasoning, 2024

Reference 1

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:25.212235Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

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Observation 3309e9cd-0357-4790-a785-75d2cf6ca2b4 · outbound

This paper cites Claude 3.5 Sonnet.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Claude 3.5 Sonnet

Reference 2

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:25.189879Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.183273Z digest=sha256:02964ddaa97c6c9661147db0cd58e658cefe357e0ae133b2bbd6d3a708dd2f7c

Observation 3da882ae-db61-4f6b-abed-a538b9e23d33 · outbound

This paper cites Handbook of formal argumentation.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Handbook of formal argumentation

Reference 3

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.189726Z digest=sha256:2da755d45ac6c3a320b9b5a5fc6a905c26f84e4febab359466bc2ed7d220c6bc

Observation 34f404d5-4987-4271-8e8a-b59ffdefe888 · outbound

This paper cites Large Language Monkeys: Scaling Inference Compute with Repeated Sampling.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Large Language Monkeys: Scaling Inference Compute with Repeated Sampling

Reference 4

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.195588Z digest=sha256:94e50b95286c7ecada2a5839f3694ff4848b84a5d5ce9122fa758f4ab6914868

Observation 81913cf2-f344-4e49-ad71-3e1ee128519b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.200977Z digest=sha256:c6c371cc4edb035dfe856783f828176e5bfe602522e86fa836a3575513e19576

Observation 4d30286b-3a26-45c4-b2d2-1dc40b678fc4 · outbound

This paper cites Computational argumentation-based chatbots: a survey.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Computational argumentation-based chatbots: a survey

Reference 6

Resolution
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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:25.117957Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.207605Z digest=sha256:db11ac0a187fb3bc3f78eaa6a7058c36bc70cc02fc6efd8c2d779e25332886da

Observation 3d71f147-8d40-4869-996a-6e90c3a505f1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.213616Z digest=sha256:4fbe11ba4152085f8734278e3f092573e5fe3763f2cc881a951d8ec24d5e9664

Observation e238ba12-eb8e-4fcb-8682-9624ebbbbea2 · outbound

This paper cites Can formal argumentative reasoning enhance LLMs performances?.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Can formal argumentative reasoning enhance LLMs performances?

Reference 8

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local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.241472Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.218628Z digest=sha256:ee10c412ef9875b5b7d1e0aa80f9711cf948b29f21fead4d3e5c3449c4197bde

Observation a62f167a-2fb6-404f-ae5c-40fabbeb4c46 · outbound

This paper cites A Survey on Evaluation of Large Language Models.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying A Survey on Evaluation of Large Language Models

Reference 9

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.224096Z digest=sha256:8f6998fa9cc432a38956aa026809686af623534951bafac3e2eedc4b1d40c1e2

Observation 213e5317-9668-49dc-950a-22bf292aa3bf · outbound

This paper cites A simple and provable scaling law for the test-time compute of large language models.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying A simple and provable scaling law for the test-time compute of large language models

Reference 10

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.230451Z digest=sha256:45a3b327329986a8c1fe23d1774035a17b243457df046ba99b655995d2dc0903

Observation dbd509c6-5aab-426b-8659-09899298678d · outbound

This paper cites Chatbot Arena: An Open Platform for Evaluating LLMs by Human Preference.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Chatbot Arena: An Open Platform for Evaluating LLMs by Human Preference

Reference 11

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.236756Z digest=sha256:d67ca172b7b04191274d45038b4a5cd5d566c744ece088d9a0344a1157ecdc53

Observation cdccc71c-1853-4fc2-81be-db06de5e131a · outbound

This paper cites Arc prize 2024.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Arc prize 2024

Reference 12

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:25.064156Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.242691Z digest=sha256:215b0439a9ec5e5caaab339ae85b59dc0db9d69f59f6ae28366f582790481ffc

Observation 9eb70152-91ff-4219-8bdb-dff8bcf9cea1 · outbound

This paper cites On the measure of intelligence, 2019.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying On the measure of intelligence, 2019

Reference 13

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:25.040695Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.248030Z digest=sha256:ed035044a35edb9106a823b87c6687168e3059436daca33705aedcdb157864bd

Observation 308e9ea8-ec23-42b8-b01f-9830d604cbf7 · outbound

This paper cites LM vs LM: Detecting Factual Errors via Cross Examination.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying LM vs LM: Detecting Factual Errors via Cross Examination

Reference 14

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.252959Z digest=sha256:de02de62fd2489cf009b54dacecbb28a2e878a181277d8c6aa5e8933659b3ea8

Observation 77d0779b-c7cf-4aa4-aca3-df2f6822d4ee · outbound

This paper cites On the acceptability of arguments and its fundamental role in nonmonotonic reasoning, logic programming and n-person games.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying On the acceptability of arguments and its fundamental role in nonmonotonic reasoning, logic programming and n-person games

Reference 15

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.258817Z digest=sha256:bb1911cee67d962aeb36c9d7cd0ba7bc2b053fb94c9522d8407c49040255a2d7

Observation f6d618e2-6aad-4422-b592-6bed30b1e78b · outbound

This paper cites Argumentative Large Language Models for Explainable and Contestable Claim Verification.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Argumentative Large Language Models for Explainable and Contestable Claim Verification

Reference 16

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.263762Z digest=sha256:eeb792d10a8b2e84ec450754dfdf9c6a1d8dd437ee35346bf506f30515cf5de9

Observation babe8008-0903-458a-917f-01529454310c · outbound

This paper cites Mamba: Linear-Time Sequence Modeling with Selective State Spaces.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Mamba: Linear-Time Sequence Modeling with Selective State Spaces

Reference 17

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:23.268938Z

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.268938Z digest=sha256:3a52d27112ae96cdc86e37e88803ba9898b26880c98cb5c0e581433727ba2086

Observation 139fdc45-da46-487d-ac07-af1711312f26 · outbound

This paper cites Harnessing toul- min’s theory for zero-shot argument explication.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Harnessing toul- min’s theory for zero-shot argument explication

Reference 18

Resolution
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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.992509Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.274336Z digest=sha256:bd928cb9478b3d5bfe0ffb7dd3f02bad9e53eec692f668f2b333777a05ba7309

Observation dfb390f6-15bb-4df0-9778-603ed34be7b2 · outbound

This paper cites FOLIO: Natural Language Reasoning with First-Order Logic.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying FOLIO: Natural Language Reasoning with First-Order Logic

Reference 19

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:23.279767Z

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.279767Z digest=sha256:5928c46d1b7f46c31c09e6f74a63095c5fc16012e9d44e9156d08bfc70b40ebf

Observation 6ed066dd-76b6-4d1a-bcb8-5a4e79812f49 · outbound

This paper cites Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understanding.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understanding

Reference 20

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.285487Z digest=sha256:8b83dd9095fc0c3769a6a16f5b9799969ddc35613ce871734338eeb8ff135ae5

Observation b8e6da9e-0270-42b8-be4a-05410a832542 · outbound

This paper cites Measuring Mathematical Problem Solving With the MATH Dataset.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Measuring Mathematical Problem Solving With the MATH Dataset

Reference 21

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:23.291078Z

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.291078Z digest=sha256:f85de109bf4b8fbe1824073bbaf339dd82049c859b247136c28f659d4b1f3c37

Observation 97f1c14a-94e2-48e7-8c0b-b3ce176d071e · outbound

This paper cites OpenAI and others seek new path to smarter AI as current methods hit limitations.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying OpenAI and others seek new path to smarter AI as current methods hit limitations

Reference 22

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.966813Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.297313Z digest=sha256:e2a47e333dc24c36da1b8225fb8d47eb36fc829e8bed87d851c59ac4ea9d1cf1

Observation ac167ec7-0e09-4498-8e8d-1b714c626a7b · outbound

This paper cites Thinking, fast and slow.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Thinking, fast and slow

Reference 23

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.303003Z digest=sha256:9658f5988cbd55fdbd252eab8f8094859fef4b9a6f5e35d0c6332dd177eea358

Observation 0a5f23dd-81b4-4872-ac37-775c3b3e2eb0 · outbound

This paper cites How far is video generation from world model: A physical law perspective, 2024.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying How far is video generation from world model: A physical law perspective, 2024

Reference 24

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.308190Z digest=sha256:d8f080896cad699cfb2127977d0263a5dbc5cb4a68f07679d55607972938cc68

Observation 82024b49-2f83-4fd3-96a4-e6c5cd2a596e · outbound

This paper cites Large language models are zero-shot reasoners.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Large language models are zero-shot reasoners

Reference 25

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.313043Z digest=sha256:d81809949552f13b15bd3b0f48ded75b8b8809c53f7590cf1de08e918f1cb667

Observation 91f0520f-e27e-4669-8c35-f85a19a23b4a · outbound

This paper cites Jamba: A Hybrid Transformer-Mamba Language Model.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Jamba: A Hybrid Transformer-Mamba Language Model

Reference 26

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.318167Z digest=sha256:eb1febea486874c56f12ea6b4f976db3d39dd2510fd49e9527b2ff6652441f83

Observation da9668bf-10b5-4ba8-9b9c-084a4204b3c4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

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Observation a23e31cb-71f4-48a9-9aa7-2f767693a97f · outbound

This paper cites Lin and Y.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Lin and Y

Reference 28

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.328647Z digest=sha256:4422e61a55ceabcd959d9e67fae429bebb552e92ba1c018a814c0e9b34a6c95a

Observation 6f37ed41-1981-462d-8b3c-748c6fdddbca · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.856554Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.333808Z digest=sha256:447ca2bd2df94ae49e64ae0005a137fb758766889737dcdc7d9d0549fcc69911

Observation 5498219b-2a18-4491-b4e8-6b0986093e77 · outbound

This paper cites Why do humans reason? Arguments for an argumentative theory.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Why do humans reason? Arguments for an argumentative theory

Reference 30

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.838894Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.338508Z digest=sha256:d24ead79b890b5ac3525169a6ac74fa9ee8c2ff449c4c30c0a22563e50f58bb7

Observation 32fe3a89-b9b6-4ded-8d8d-381ddd1c88ee · outbound

This paper cites OpenAI, Google and Anthropic are struggling to build more advanced AI.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying OpenAI, Google and Anthropic are struggling to build more advanced AI

Reference 31

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.819457Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.343672Z digest=sha256:eae6c93d14e900d8ef874426c4bfada0960e5df8289b3f3324265038de1332d2

Observation e131c432-a2c3-4d1d-9de7-fb2d83e4de24 · outbound

This paper cites GSM-Symbolic: Understanding the Limitations of Mathematical Reasoning in Large Language Models.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying GSM-Symbolic: Understanding the Limitations of Mathematical Reasoning in Large Language Models

Reference 32

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.354552Z digest=sha256:e4823042397aaff52b98dbb5b0f827021d7a2cf7293383290dd5907bd353be5e

Observation abd9e728-58a3-4d52-a428-11260a6c8fff · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

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unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.780655Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.360060Z digest=sha256:b0c0706589bc6cb48d52dae1381c56d514d8d31bcc07dac7a3e96a5b9f8c7f52

Observation 7ba9f03e-0623-458f-abc0-0d780d141416 · outbound

This paper cites Arithmetic Without Algorithms: Language Models Solve Math With a Bag of Heuristics.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Arithmetic Without Algorithms: Language Models Solve Math With a Bag of Heuristics

Reference 34

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source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.365115Z digest=sha256:d483f79f0653dc1b0e99a02100fbb0f1cb3c80df68d0c3d409a6ab7ce2fc33a1

Observation 8682a198-9aae-4d84-aada-c01b3919c9ee · outbound

This paper cites Introducing ChatGPT.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Introducing ChatGPT

Reference 35

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.763678Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.370737Z digest=sha256:76a64d5707cec560b469117c04bcdb82083cf1a6197adafbf5efbb8698cb7f16

Observation 98851940-a988-43f9-92e0-7cc9fb15ad04 · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4o System Card.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying GPT-4o System Card

Reference 36

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.376621Z digest=sha256:2deed8476cf96b5e6dd19d3146fa825452711ee7fdcf3d83c5fd860fe0c57731

Observation 40397c6e-8f7c-4a0a-81db-90bf3464388c · outbound

This paper cites Learning to reason with LLMs.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Learning to reason with LLMs

Reference 37

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.746801Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.383122Z digest=sha256:22a56798fbbe7a9badee8f9e986d0554c2443d93773b63401cd572b2790dbe7f

Observation e08f55f2-36b2-4487-b471-ebc9c72fe2ff · outbound

This paper cites OpenAI Shifts Strategy as Rate of ‘GPT’ AI Improvements Slows.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying OpenAI Shifts Strategy as Rate of ‘GPT’ AI Improvements Slows

Reference 38

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.727868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.389118Z digest=sha256:f8c27c92861b97db809cee76a4b7c3cfd089b657aace1c7dfcc0c2b5814c6a35

Observation 63824d7f-e7bb-4646-bcf4-f7ad68bd0d57 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.707641Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.394733Z digest=sha256:78b331ec1563a34703908bd39d4fc6faa293f23a426f76cf735a436667849160

Observation 109cdf31-7d16-4fa7-b804-f9086c0c4749 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.687202Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.400757Z digest=sha256:3cb1381c35465d623f081a6fbafbc418a2b2927d4ed8d734445dac71dbbb4dc5

Observation 6419d897-4b79-4e76-b109-bf26eca4b24c · outbound

This paper cites GPQA: A Graduate-Level Google-Proof Q&A Benchmark.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying GPQA: A Graduate-Level Google-Proof Q&A Benchmark

Reference 41

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:23.406018Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.406018Z digest=sha256:926afc6e3feca47280c6bef0711150b80f6fbfae3064a361b4ec7f4b8a2e31f4

Observation 27034006-1d57-4a3c-b597-6625532b93d7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Unresolved cited work

Reference 42

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.666923Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.411816Z digest=sha256:789efb794581541e3052e7ba284163585319e58ec371511b6d8098885e120aa7

Observation 1b405270-61f8-4a57-b1d7-001b9d9d4f3e · outbound

This paper cites A Systematic Survey of Prompt Engineering in Large Language Models: Techniques and Applications.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying A Systematic Survey of Prompt Engineering in Large Language Models: Techniques and Applications

Reference 43

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:23.416896Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.416896Z digest=sha256:7f351f533d908a75bd6dbdb4bb8758fc683ec5011c23475d182e4d6f1d98256c

Observation dc1c25cb-0798-46a4-8a53-1dff6ac53f09 · outbound

This paper cites Aristotle’s Logic.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Aristotle’s Logic

Reference 44

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.646436Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.422002Z digest=sha256:5ea6b09306a0b7379a642b64f997d8ff2e833422b5977b3604278abad3b19c8b

Observation 260b3542-670e-40d5-8967-3f34f54ce9aa · outbound

This paper cites Scaling LLM Test-Time Compute Optimally can be More Effective than Scaling Model Parameters.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Scaling LLM Test-Time Compute Optimally can be More Effective than Scaling Model Parameters

Reference 45

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:23.426998Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.426998Z digest=sha256:07f5f7dc01a7327ffc59a8ee956dbbf950aeb7295518a594631a4044937821af

Observation 93cf31ba-ad39-4cf3-9fa9-ab2477be8178 · outbound

This paper cites Functional Benchmarks for Robust Evaluation of Reasoning Performance, and the Reasoning Gap.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Functional Benchmarks for Robust Evaluation of Reasoning Performance, and the Reasoning Gap

Reference 46

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:23.432177Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.432177Z digest=sha256:18af153119e64395d5efd9d0bfcf8e8060abca7c468d89ab5a1831fe90645760

Observation e92359ad-a340-49ab-85d3-99b5a7882fcc · outbound

This paper cites Challenging BIG-Bench Tasks and Whether Chain-of-Thought Can Solve Them.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Challenging BIG-Bench Tasks and Whether Chain-of-Thought Can Solve Them

Reference 47

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:23.437515Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.437515Z digest=sha256:de61afdcca7a455286a3931a5901f572c3f7a1338003f173145db3adaafaaa42

Observation 8c297a7f-7bac-4138-8238-ab53639fe280 · outbound

This paper cites JudgeBench: A Benchmark for Evaluating LLM-based Judges.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying JudgeBench: A Benchmark for Evaluating LLM-based Judges

Reference 48

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:23.443875Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.443875Z digest=sha256:166339f7bb5efd4ce48b6ce5e382d379ec5fbfaad76e711585477f5b8519cd67

Observation 4a0188c8-08cd-441b-9de8-a914cc9ef4af · outbound

This paper cites DeepSeek-R1-Lite-Preview.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying DeepSeek-R1-Lite-Preview

Reference 49

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.625640Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.449348Z digest=sha256:fde57eec3a630c81febd88fbb25f6c5c399936782707d44b2d3d021af444e1dd

Observation ea0bb719-5576-4792-a1b5-644998ef5b34 · outbound

This paper cites Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of context.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of context

Reference 50

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:23.455281Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.455281Z digest=sha256:82de3e0bc36f112fe21e1951473044863f9fd924374394adb80f0207b29f4c23

Observation 23adc462-2fbf-46f6-93a7-0fdfc69b1b96 · outbound

This paper cites QwQ: Reflect deeply on the boundaries of the unknown, November 2024.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying QwQ: Reflect deeply on the boundaries of the unknown, November 2024

Reference 51

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.605053Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.460650Z digest=sha256:518828167e72727e183dc8c49ae4e9c513d5b025a681ee9faf18dfdac876591b

Observation a4c2d7fc-4f67-47f4-8c0f-24546d1047ce · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Unresolved cited work

Reference 52

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.585633Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.466095Z digest=sha256:ad784aeeaf96fbf9ef5047be25882d6d2e1d5fcbdfbd68b6690e016abadf88c1

Observation d4f9d6ba-1087-4834-9278-1a2e22eaa884 · outbound

This paper cites Attention is all you need.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Attention is all you need

Reference 53

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:23.471587Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.471587Z digest=sha256:86742b71fe207dfca0cde888e75bc6212a46ec129241612539a55ebeb7a312c8

Observation 9992c085-afd9-4ac6-98ac-fa227c0ce4d4 · outbound

This paper cites Evaluating arguments based on toulmin’s scheme.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Evaluating arguments based on toulmin’s scheme

Reference 54

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.554922Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.476783Z digest=sha256:6fa1e621d4c1da09ae06deeeaae464be2a1f088f3ef071683a4deaccfdb07506

Observation 514c3d75-872c-435e-95c6-76685b1b6c09 · outbound

This paper cites Reed, and F.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Reed, and F

Reference 55

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.530962Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.483236Z digest=sha256:e345d6b1fb376ae2ef1a68996b43d80c501ab47b6027acc8be42abc2b1ad18b9

Observation ff32e236-f209-4a10-aae0-40fba81d0009 · outbound

This paper cites Argumentation schemes for presumptive reasoning.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Argumentation schemes for presumptive reasoning

Reference 56

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.510477Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.488213Z digest=sha256:f2c635c2a419b027b5ddc159e7b03b4b9d839e899c6bd48f03511ab71b32e62c

Observation 97fafceb-0a42-439b-80ab-c550fac62081 · outbound

This paper cites MMLU-Pro: A More Robust and Challenging Multi-Task Language Understanding Benchmark.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying MMLU-Pro: A More Robust and Challenging Multi-Task Language Understanding Benchmark

Reference 57

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:23.493337Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.493337Z digest=sha256:c94ba472d06d6377cfcf539585892e88401c0d95a75c755d732b25cb8e186b8a

Observation 7999a285-76e2-40eb-86af-2b217ab792c8 · outbound

This paper cites Chain-of-thought prompting elic- its reasoning in large language models.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Chain-of-thought prompting elic- its reasoning in large language models

Reference 58

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.490112Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.499642Z digest=sha256:bb974a24533da6744cbdf73f6d72003bfe316deab34efff9f9764204e0d708f7

Observation d51f9f0b-9d16-4ea1-b363-874993aff575 · outbound

This paper cites LiveBench: A Challenging, Contamination-Limited LLM Benchmark.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying LiveBench: A Challenging, Contamination-Limited LLM Benchmark

Reference 59

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:23.504555Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.504555Z digest=sha256:901d64ab8a9eef4dbd17e970112078f3fcbdc4eae4c8171ab525f17c31103e82

Observation c5b677c2-a98c-4230-8e5b-7383d98fe7b3 · outbound

This paper cites Enhancing LLM Reasoning via Critique Models with Test-Time and Training-Time Supervision.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Enhancing LLM Reasoning via Critique Models with Test-Time and Training-Time Supervision

Reference 60

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:23.509928Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.509928Z digest=sha256:f8cd7890a2514eb6394335eadce6de71f4826e2bd73665f68de456b0c0bbaf71

Observation 95bd4892-e638-4624-9daa-6978745615e8 · outbound

This paper cites Schemes, critical questions, and complete argument evaluation.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Schemes, critical questions, and complete argument evaluation

Reference 61

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.469692Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.515238Z digest=sha256:c19e5969814bbd7c5395fd6d1b416cb49282745fba4aa22207b874f614b03524

Observation 292c12bb-bdce-4b95-a914-902164c34d63 · outbound

This paper cites Cumulative Reasoning with Large Language Models.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Cumulative Reasoning with Large Language Models

Reference 62

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:23.520447Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.520447Z digest=sha256:c45156f9fb99c72491efabcca65e7085b49a486a4cdb508cdd8437baddb3c7e7

Observation 9e3b1855-aae9-45da-8bb8-ab779445065f · outbound

This paper cites Judging llm-as-a-judge with mt-bench and chatbot arena.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Judging llm-as-a-judge with mt-bench and chatbot arena

Reference 63

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.451857Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.525441Z digest=sha256:1b0fdae71ae31e00cb49073db243795d9aa6467ec4270484a6568f3a90297dc7

Observation 3a2ae884-8bd2-47c7-a25c-cf9a31f69cb4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Unresolved cited work

Reference 65

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.433162Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.531038Z digest=sha256:9632e4d5a59d2684920476b02bd8c4bd503dfa42792d78e6d1efa30265ded694

Observation 7c87f8a8-1aa8-41e8-8384-69165da3bcd3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Unresolved cited work

Reference 66

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.415024Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.536386Z digest=sha256:58b59295c7ab02dddf9c20a36ce0f92469ab9779386ab2b45d8a1b723fce8f2e

Observation e2cf22d6-c9f8-4568-bfe1-58a75627c5cf · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Unresolved cited work

Reference 67

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.387229Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.543600Z digest=sha256:5110d2955f44ee13fd7d9d2473e6edd6c023e758eae176b1906bc8b3b30b259d

Observation e00a01b1-be63-4de0-b7b0-e80ba34635ef · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Unresolved cited work

Reference 68

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.362056Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.549002Z digest=sha256:d22dcaa52e69c02543fc95f24c0ea2268e7a7ce87bd1cde138805c00cc6400aa

Observation 81d691d1-0739-4f8c-8a24-e7b597430018 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Unresolved cited work

Reference 69

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.335030Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.554820Z digest=sha256:dbf35c0f4f81753b03e0a8a3b6d762d943a9ec933b6825c9f4c57eabbfd36958

Observation ed7d5793-8729-4f0c-8353-3d6407ca6f9d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Unresolved cited work

Reference 70

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.313489Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.559918Z digest=sha256:2d965fdaaa2b800dfed35b495d57d1d6cca6d61dccc1e856e87d5491fe202666

Observation 5e8c5880-06ab-4788-9690-12892b4a5e72 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Unresolved cited work

Reference 71

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.295250Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.564974Z digest=sha256:2904b5397898da0e3b032f2483cfccff1feda428a12eb8e6094f16355f62560c

Observation 6a51b211-f662-4210-8951-6e0b18b5fc47 · outbound

This paper cites Let’s think step by step.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Let’s think step by step

Reference 72

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.277064Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.570040Z digest=sha256:5ffec2263faf65facd41f50cebea8073260a045c61db3d198040f9b355294c3d

Observation 05717a65-5111-44b9-a02a-e1534e019328 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying Unresolved cited work

Reference 2024

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T11:37:24.800505Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T11:37:23.349315Z digest=sha256:3135624a254570adfeed3c7054bae60cc27e48fd73c301893f504b91dfee500f

Pith citing papers

Observation cd588f66-d574-4927-8d56-665e38649d9b · inbound

CHAL: Council of Hierarchical Agentic Language cites this paper.

CHAL: Council of Hierarchical Agentic Language Critical-Questions-of-Thought: Steering LLM reasoning with Argumentative Querying

Reference 20

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-14T19:59:25.719895Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-14T19:59:13.378797Z digest=sha256:e13e90b5d9c0a9828a37f81331fe1d9e65285cb590d6b324fc7bd84d942398ae