Pith. sign in

REVIEW 3 major objections 5 minor 30 references

Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides under finite-pulse polarized radiation

T0 review · 3 major / 5 minor · reviewed 2026-08-08 · deepseek-v4-flash

Challenge this review Re-run · record.json Download PDF Read on arXiv ↗ Review JSON

Pith's one-line read A short circularly polarized pulse on monolayer MoS2 produces transient valley-selective Floquet sidebands, whose time-dependent circular dichroism carries the signature.

desk verdict Solid finite-pulse Floquet study of TMDs with a real validation gap: the k-integrated circular dichroism is not benchmarked against TDSE and the Lorentzian width is unspecified. read the letter →

arxiv 2502.08546 v1 pith:O6NIWUOY submitted 2025-02-12 cond-mat.mes-hall cond-mat.other

Alejandro S. Gómez , Yuriko Baba , Francisco Domínguez-Adame , Rafael A. Molina This is my paper · ORCID
classification cond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.other
keywords TransitionmetaldichalcogenidesFloquetphysicstime-dependentdichroismfinitepulsesvalleypolarizationt-t'formalismcircularlypolarizedlightMoS2
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

The pith

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The reading

Floquet engineering is usually built on strictly periodic driving, but real experiments use pulses. This paper extends the framework to monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides subject to a finite, Gaussian-envelope circularly polarized pulse, using the two-timescale $t$-$t'$ formalism that separates the slow envelope from the fast field oscillations. It argues that the interplay between pulse timescales and the electrons' valley-dependent spin-orbit coupling produces transient valley polarization and dynamically modified band structures, with the chirality-matched valley acquiring larger gaps between Floquet replicas and stronger occupation of higher sidebands. The paper proposes the time-dependent circular dichroism $\mathrm{CD}(\Omega)$ as the experimental fingerprint, predicting a sequence of peaks whose sign tells which polarization couples more strongly at each energy. Because time-resolved pump-probe and photoemission experiments necessarily use pulsed light, this pulse-shape and polarization control is directly relevant to ultrafast valleytronics in two-dimensional materials.

What carries the argument

The central object is the $t$-$t'$ formalism, a Floquet method for non-periodic pulses: the envelope $A(t')$ is treated as a slow parameter while the fast oscillations at frequency $\omega$ remain periodic, yielding an instantaneous Floquet basis $|u_\alpha(k,A(t),t)\rangle$ and occupation coefficients $C_\alpha(k,t)$ that evolve under $i\hbar\,dC_\alpha/dt = \sum_\beta [\xi_\alpha\delta_{\alpha\beta} - i\hbar\,(dA/dt)\,G_{\alpha\beta}]\,C_\beta$. The generator $G_{\alpha\beta}$ of nonadiabatic transitions between replicas is what turns avoided crossings into population transfer. The model is the two-band spinful $k\cdot p$ Hamiltonian of $\mathrm{MoS_2}$ with valley index $\tau$ and spin-orbit coupling $\lambda$, coupled to the field by Peierls substitution. The observables are the integrated power $P(\Omega)$ and the circular dichroism $\mathrm{CD}(\Omega) = (P_{\mathrm{R}} - P_{\mathrm{L}})/(P_{\mathrm{R}} + P_{\mathrm{L}})$, where R and L denote right- and left-handed polarization.

What would settle it

Integrate the full time-dependent Schrödinger equation on a dense $(k_x,k_y)$ grid for a Gaussian pulse with $\gamma = 0.5T$ and $A_0 = 0.5\hbar\omega$ on $\mathrm{MoS_2}$, compute $P(\Omega)$ and $\mathrm{CD}(\Omega)$ directly, and compare the positions and heights of the CD peaks with the $t$-$t'$ results in figures 7 and 8; a significant mismatch in these k-integrated quantities would falsify the claim that the formalism stays valid for few-cycle pulses in the observables proposed.

Watch

Extended reading notes

Core claim

Using a two-band spinfull $k\cdot p$ model of monolayer $\mathrm{MoS_2}$ driven by a Gaussian-envelope circularly polarized pulse, the authors establish that the electron state evolves through a time-dependent Floquet ladder in two regimes: adiabatic phase accumulation inside a replica, interrupted by nonadiabatic transitions at avoided crossings of the instantaneous quasienergies. Floquet replicas here mean sidebands at energies shifted by integer multiples of $\hbar\omega$. When the pulse polarization matches the valley chirality ($\theta=0$ at $\tau=+1$), sidebands are strongly hybridized, gaps open between replicas, and population is displaced to higher Floquet sidebands; when it does not, gaps remain almost negligible and population transfer is suppressed. The polarization angle $\theta$ continuously selects the final state: $\theta=\pi$ restores the initial valence state, while intermediate angles maximize transfer to a conduction-band replica without spin flip. The momentum- and time-integrated power $P(\Omega)$ and the circular dichroism $\mathrm{CD}(\Omega)$ computed from it carry a peak structure that the paper presents as the experimentally accessible signature of these transient valley-selective Floquet dynamics.

Load-bearing premise

The two-timescale separation stays accurate for very short pulses with only a few oscillations inside the envelope; the direct numerical check in the paper covers a single momentum mode, while the momentum-averaged $P(\Omega)$ and $\mathrm{CD}(\Omega)$ predictions are not cross-checked.

Editorial extensions

If this is right

  • A circularly polarized few-cycle pulse acts as a valley-selective switch: the chirality-matched valley gains Floquet gaps and replica occupation while the opposite valley remains nearly inert.
  • The polarization angle $\theta$ provides continuous control over the final state, allowing a valence electron to be steered into a chosen conduction-band Floquet replica or back into its initial state.
  • Time-dependent circular dichroism of the sample should show energy-resolved peaks whose sign indicates which polarization couples more strongly, giving an experimental probe of transient valley polarization under pulsed driving.
  • The two dynamical regimes identified—adiabatic plateaus and nonadiabatic transitions at avoided crossings—mean the final Floquet occupation distribution can be engineered through the pulse width $\gamma$ and peak amplitude $A_0$.
  • The $t$-$t'$ description remains applicable, according to the paper, even for Gaussian pulses with only a few oscillations inside the envelope, so the formalism can be used in the few-cycle regime relevant to ultrafast experiments.

Reading between the lines

Editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • A natural next test, not reported in the paper, is a full $k$-integrated direct TDSE simulation at $\gamma = 0.5T$; if $\mathrm{CD}(\Omega)$ agreed there, the few-cycle predictions would be on firmer ground.
  • Because the two-timescale machinery is independent of the specific band structure, the same pulse-shape control of Floquet sidebands should transfer to graphene and other Dirac materials, where time-resolved photoemission could detect the predicted chirality-selective occupations.
  • The continuous $\theta$ tuning suggests a concrete device function: an optical valley-state router that chooses which Floquet replica a carrier occupies, potentially enabling ultrafast valley-selective photocurrents in TMD monolayers.
  • The paper's CD peaks are computed from integrated replica weights; a pump-probe measurement sweeping pump polarization angle and pulse width would test whether the peak positions shift with $\gamma$, as the envelope-dependent dynamics implies.
Share X Bluesky LinkedIn Reddit HN

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, and a circularity audit.

Referee Report

3 major / 5 minor

Summary. The paper studies electron dynamics in monolayer MoS2 driven by finite-duration, circularly polarized laser pulses. Using the t-t' Floquet formalism, the authors compute time-dependent Floquet quasienergies, expansion coefficients for a single momentum mode, and momentum-integrated observables P(Ω) and circular dichroism CD(Ω). They report transient valley-selective sideband occupations, gaps that depend on the pulse polarization relative to valley chirality, and structured CD spectra that they propose as experimental signatures. The central claim is that finite-pulse driving produces valley-selective Floquet dynamics that can be detected through time-dependent circular dichroism.

Significance. If the central claim holds, the paper would extend Floquet engineering to experimentally relevant finite pulses and provide a concrete observable, CD(Ω), for trARPES-type measurements in monolayer TMDs. The work has clear strengths: the t-t' coefficients are propagated rather than fitted, the model parameters come from prior literature, and the single-mode time evolution is benchmarked against direct TDSE integration in Fig. 5(g)-(i). However, the k-integrated observables that carry the headline predictions are not validated against direct TDSE, and one key broadening parameter is left unspecified. The significance is therefore provisional pending a more complete numerical verification.

major comments (3)
  1. [§3, Eq. (17) and Figs. 7-8] The integrated power P(Ω) is described in the text as being evaluated 'by integrating over all kx momenta and times', which means the integration is restricted to the ky=0 line rather than the full two-dimensional Brillouin zone. Since Floquet gaps, avoided crossings, and the non-adiabatic transition amplitudes in Eqs. (15)-(16) all depend on both momentum components, the ky=0 slice does not by itself establish the k-integrated CD(Ω) shown in Fig. 8. Please either perform the full 2D momentum integration or provide a quantitative argument that the ky=0 line dominates the integrated dichroism.
  2. [§3, Fig. 5 and Conclusions] The validity of the t-t' formalism for short pulses is asserted in the Conclusions for pulses with few oscillations, and the manuscript explicitly shows results for γ/T=0.5. The only direct comparison with TDSE integration, however, is for a single momentum mode (kx,ky)=(0.2ω/v,0) and is reported in the orbital basis. This does not validate the k-summed quantities P(Ω) and CD(Ω), where contributions from avoided crossings at many momenta are accumulated. A direct TDSE benchmark of P(Ω), or at least of the k-summed final occupations, for a representative short pulse would be needed to support the central finite-pulse predictions.
  3. [§2, Eq. (18) and Figs. 7-8] The Lorentzian width Γ in Eq. (18) is never specified. The peak heights, peak widths, and fine structure of P(Ω) and CD(Ω) in Figs. 7 and 8 depend directly on Γ, so without this parameter the quantitative predictions cannot be independently reproduced. Please state the value used and demonstrate that the main CD peaks are robust to a reasonable range of Γ.
minor comments (5)
  1. [Abstract] The phrase 'rely of' should be 'rely on'.
  2. [Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 captions] Both captions list four times (t/T={−0.2, 1, 2} and 'panels (a), (b), (c) and (d)') while the actual figure contains only three panels.
  3. [§3, Fig. 5 discussion] The sentence 'the change in the oscillation pattern of ψ(t) in panels (g)–(f)' contains a typo; it should refer to panels (g)–(i).
  4. [Eq. (2)] The notation Ec↑(c↓) and Ev↑(v↓) is ambiguous because the parentheses do not make clear which spin sign relates to which energy expression; please clarify explicitly.
  5. [References] Reference [24] is cited as a preprint; if a published version exists, it should be cited instead or in addition.

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged · score 0.0 of 10

No significant circularity: P(Ω) and CD(Ω) are computed by time-propagating an externally parameterized Hamiltonian; the sole self-citation is a non-load-bearing implementation pointer.

full rationale

The derivation chain is self-contained. The model Hamiltonian, Eq. (1), and its parameters are taken from external references [27,30]; the pulse enters via the Peierls substitution, Eq. (3), with no parameter fitted to any target observable. The t–t′ coefficients C_α(k,t) are obtained by integrating Eqs. (15)–(16), and the reported P(Ω) and CD(Ω) are direct functionals of those coefficients through Eqs. (17)–(20). Nothing in these definitions assumes the result: CD is a derived output, not a constraint used to determine the Hamiltonian or the initial state. The only self-citation, ref. [24], is a methodological pointer for the numerical implementation of the t–t′ formalism, whose formal basis is independently established by refs. [19–23]; it is not load-bearing for any physical premise or prediction. The single-mode TDSE comparison in Fig. 5(g)–(i) is a validation check; its limited k-range is a correctness/robustness concern for short pulses, not a circularity, because the k-integrated P(Ω) and CD(Ω) are not defined in terms of the comparison. No step reduces to its own input by construction.

Assumptions & free parameters 2 free parameters · 5 assumptions · 0 invented entities

The paper introduces no new entities. Its central claim rests on standard model inputs (k·p parameters from the literature) and on the validity of the t-t' formalism for short pulses, plus numerical choices (Lorentzian broadening, amplitude cutoff) that are not fully specified.

free parameters (2)
  • Lorentzian broadening Γ
    Used in Eq. (17) to broaden the spectral lines; value not specified in the text, affects the shape of P(Ω) and CD.
  • Cut-off amplitude Amin = 0.01 ℏω
    Time integration window in Eq. (17) defined by A > Amin; value chosen to exclude low-amplitude tails.
assumptions (5)
  • domain assumption The two-band k·p Hamiltonian (Eq. 1) accurately describes the band-edge electronic structure of monolayer MoS2
    Adopted from refs. [27] and [30]; the paper uses it as the unperturbed Hamiltonian without independent verification in this work.
  • domain assumption Peierls substitution k → k + eA(t) correctly captures the light-matter interaction
    Standard for long-wavelength fields in the dipole approximation; assumed valid for the intense pulses considered.
  • domain assumption The t-t' formalism remains valid when the envelope timescale γ is comparable to the field period T (γ = 0.5T)
    The method formally requires γ >> T, but the paper claims validity for few oscillations and supports it with a single-mode TDSE comparison; broader validity is assumed.
  • standard math Parallel transport gauge ⟨uα|∂A|uα⟩=0
    Gauge choice eliminating diagonal non-adiabatic couplings, stated in Eq. (16).
  • domain assumption The spectral function can be represented by Lorentzian broadening L(Ω, εα, Γ)
    Approximation for the measured photoemission intensity; width Γ is phenomenological.

how reviews work

0 comments
Cite this review

Pith. "Pith review of Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides under finite-pulse polarized radiation." pith.science (2026). https://pith.science/paper/O6NIWUOY

@misc{pith2026250208546,
  author       = {Pith},
  title        = {Pith review of: Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides under finite-pulse polarized radiation},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://pith.science/paper/O6NIWUOY}},
  note         = {Machine review of arXiv:2502.08546}
}
abstract

Recent advances in time-resolved angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy have enabled access to ultrafast electron states and their spin dynamics in solids. Atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides are paradigmatic two-dimensional materials where electron momentum and spin degrees of freedom are coupled, being suitable candidates for time-resolved spectroscopy studies. In this work, we present a thorough study of the electron dynamics when these materials are subject to an intense finite-pulse driving radiation. We extend the scope of the conventional Floquet engineering and rely of the so-called $t-t^{\prime}$ formalism to deal with driving fields described with two distinct time scales, namely the envelope amplitude timescale and the time period of the external field. The interplay between the finite-pulse timescales and the intrinsic properties of the electrons gives rise to transient valley polarization and dynamical modifications of band structures, revealed by the time-dependent circular dichroism of the sample.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2502.08546 by the authors.

Figure 1
Figure 1. (a) Schematic representation of the MoS2 band structure in the two￾dimensional Brillouin zone close to the band edges. Valley’s conduction bands (in green) are degenerated while valence bands (in red and blue) are split by the spin￾orbit coupling (up/down arrows). (b) Enlarged view of the inequivalent valleys τ = −1 (left) and τ = +1 (right), highlighting their opposite chiralities. (c) Calculated band spectrum of M… view at source ↗
Figure 2
Figure 2. Floquet spectrum for a fixed pulse amplitude Ax = Ay = 0 in panel (a) and Ax = Ay = 0.5ℏω in panels (b) and (c). The valleys are indicated on top of the figure, both inequivalent valleys τ = ±1 are considered. The colour code corresponds to the time averaged DOS ρ(E) computed according to (11). The pulse polarization is set to a right-handed circular polarization, i.e. setting θ = 0 in (3b). The spectra are plotted … view at source ↗
Figure 3
Figure 3. Time-dependent Floquet spectra for the valley τ = +1 under a finite￾pulse with right-handed circular polarization (θ = 0) and Gaussian envelope centred at t0 = 0 with a width γ = T, where T is the pulse period. The spectra are shown for t/T = {−2, −1, 0, 0.6} in panels (a), (b), (c) and (d), respectively. We consider as initial state a fully occupied valence band with spin up [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p008_3.png] view at source ↗
Figures from the paper (10 more)
Figure 4
Figure 4. Figure 4: Same magnitudes as in figure 3 for the valley τ = −1 considering as initial state |ψ0⟩ = [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p009_4.png]
Figure 5
Figure 5. Figure 5: For τ = +1 and right-handed polarization we evaluate the time evolution of a single v/ω(kx, ky) = (0.2, 0) mode, initialized in the state [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p011_5.png]
Figure 6
Figure 6. Figure 6: Squared amplitudes of the non-zero conduction and valence band coefficients |c(b,l)(t)| 2 as a function of the polarization angle θ for a single mode v/ω(kx, ky) = (0.2, 0), at τ = +1 valley and initialized state of [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p012_6.png]
Figure 7
Figure 7. Figure 7: Integrated power P(Ω) for a fixed valley τ = +1 and pulse amplitude A0/(ℏω) = 0.5 . The dotted line P0(Ω) indicates the initial distribution of replicas before applying the pulse. Panels (a) and (b) compare different initial states for right￾handed (θ = 0) and left-han…
Figure 8
Figure 8. Figure 8: Circular dichroism CD(Ω) according to equation (20) for τ = +1 and A0/(ℏω) = 0.5. Each curve corresponds to a different initial state indicated in the legend. 4. Conclusions In this work we have studied the effect of short pulses of radiation on single-layer TMDs. In p…
Figure 5
Figure 5. Figure 5: figure 5 [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p014_5.png]
Figure 9
Figure 9. Figure 9: Dependence on the Gaussian width γ for τ = +1 and left-handed polarization of a single (kx, ky) = (0.2, 0) mode, initialized in the state [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p014_9.png]
Figure 10
Figure 10. Figure 10: Dependence on the Gaussian width γ for τ = +1 and right-handed polarization of a single (kx, ky) = (0.2, 0) mode, initialized in the state [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p015_10.png]
Figure 11
Figure 11. Figure 11: Time-dependent Floquet spectra for the valley τ = +1 under a finite￾pulse with right-handed circular polarization (θ = 0) and Gaussian envelope centred at t0 = 0 with a width γ = T, where T is the pulse period. The spectra are shown for t/T = {−0.2, 1, 2} in panels (a…
Figure 12
Figure 12. Figure 12: Time-dependent Floquet spectra for the valley τ = −1 under a finite￾pulse with right-handed circular polarization (θ = 0) and Gaussian envelope centred at t0 = 0 with a width γ = T, where T is the pulse period. The spectra are shown for t/T = {−0.2, 1, 2} in panels (a…

Discussion (0). Continue with ORCID to comment.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

30 extracted references · 30 canonical work pages

  1. [24]

    Baba Y, Junk V, Hogger W, Dom ´ ınguez-Adame F, Molina R A and Richter K 2024 Radiation- induced dynamical formation of Floquet-Bloch bands in Dirac Hamiltonians ( Preprint 2409. 00285)

    work page 2024

  2. [1]

    Aoki H, Tsuji N, Eckstein M, Kollar M, Oka T and Werner P 2014 Rev. Mod. Phys.86 779

    work page 2014

  3. [2]

    Basov D N, Averitt R D and Hsieh D 2017 Nat. Mat. 16 1077

    work page 2017

  4. [3]

    Eckardt A 2017 Rev. Mod. Phys.89 011004

    work page 2017

  5. [4]

    Goldman N, Budich J C and Zoller P 2016 Nat. Phys. 12 639

    work page 2016

  6. [5]

    Dotti P, Bai Y, Shimasaki T, Dardia A R and Weld D 2024 Measuring a localization phase diagram controlled by the interplay of disorder and driving ( Preprint 2406.00214)

    work page Pith review arXiv 2024

  7. [6]

    Dependence on the Gaussian width γ for τ = +1 and right-handed polarization of a single ( kx, ky) = (0 .2, 0) mode, initialized in the state v0 ↑ E

    Wang Y H, Steinberg H, Jarillo-Herrero P and Gedik N 2013 Science 342 453 Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides under finite-pulse polarized radiation 15 Figure 10. Dependence on the Gaussian width γ for τ = +1 and right-handed polarization of a single ( kx, ky) = (0 .2, 0) mode, initialized in the state v0 ↑ E . The maximum amplitude is fixed to A0/...

    work page 2013

  8. [7]

    Mahmood F, Chan C K, Alpichshev Z, Gardner D, Lee Y, Lee P A and Gedik N 2016 Nat. Phys. 12 306 Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides under finite-pulse polarized radiation 16 Figure 12. Time-dependent Floquet spectra for the valley τ = −1 under a finite- pulse with right-handed circular polarization ( θ = 0) and Gaussian envelope centred at t0 = 0 w...

    work page 2016

Show all 30 references
  1. [8]

    McIver J W, Schulte B, Stein F U, Matsuyama T, Jotzu G, Meier G and Cavalleri A 2019 Nat. Phys. 16 38

    2019

  2. [9]

    Aeschlimann S, Sato S A, Krause R, Ch´ avez-Cervantes M, De Giovannini U, H¨ ubener H, Forti S, Coletti C, Hanff K, Rossnagel K, Rubio A and Gierz I 2021 Nano Lett.21 5028

    2021

  3. [10]

    Reimann J, Schlauderer S, Schmid C P, Langer F, Baierl S, Kokh K A, Tereshchenko O E, Kimura A, Lange C, G¨ udde J, H¨ ofer U and Huber R 2018Nature 562 396

  4. [11]

    Ito S, Sch¨ uler M, Meierhofer M, Schlauderer S, Freudenstein J, Reimann J, Afanasiev D, Kokh K A, Tereshchenko O E, G¨ udde J, Sentef M A, H¨ ofer U and Huber R 2023Nature 616 696

  5. [12]

    Rep.13 5796

    Reimann J, Sumida K, Kakoki M, Kokh K A, Tereshchenko O E, Kimura A, G¨ udde J and H¨ ofer U 2023 Sci. Rep.13 5796

    2023

  6. [13]

    Oka T and Kitamura S 2019 Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics10 387–408

    2019

  7. [14]

    Bao C, Tang P, Sun D and Zhou S 2022 Nature Reviews Physics4 33–48 ISSN 2522-5820

    2022

  8. [15]

    Cao H, Sun J T and Meng S 2024 npj Quantum Materials9 ISSN 2397-4648

    2024

  9. [16]

    Oka T and Aoki H 2009 Physical Review B79 081406

    2009

  10. [17]

    Sie E J, McIver J W, Lee Y H, Fu L, Kong J and Gedik N 2015 Nature Materials 14 290–294 ISSN 1476-4660

    2015

  11. [18]

    Kobayashi Y, Heide C, Johnson A C, Tiwari V, Liu F, Reis D A, Heinz T F and Ghimire S 2023 Nature Physics 19 171–176 ISSN 1745-2481

    2023

  12. [19]

    Peskin U and Moiseyev N 1993 J. Chem. Phys.99 4590

    1993

  13. [20]

    Rep.304 229

    Grifoni M and H¨ anggi P 1998Phys. Rep.304 229

  14. [21]

    Drese K and Holthaus M 1999 Eur. Phys. J. D5 119

    1999

  15. [22]

    Holthaus M 2015 J. Phys. B49 013001

    2015

  16. [23]

    Ikeda T N, Tanaka S and Kayanuma Y 2022 Phys. Rev. Res.4 033075

    2022

  17. [25]

    Leb` egue S and Eriksson O 2009Phys. Rev. B79 115409 Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides under finite-pulse polarized radiation 17

  18. [26]

    Zhu Z Y, Cheng Y C and Schwingenschl¨ ogl U 2011 Phys. Rev. B84 153402

    2011

  19. [27]

    Xiao D, Liu G B, Feng W, Xu X and Yao W 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett.108 196802

    2012

  20. [28]

    2012 Nat

    Cao T, Wang G, Han W, Ye H, Zhu C, Shi J, Niu Q, Tan P, Wang E, Liu B et al. 2012 Nat. Commun. 3 887

    2012

  21. [29]

    Yao W, Xiao D and Niu Q 2008 Phys. Rev. B77 235406

    2008

  22. [30]

    Liu G B, Xiao D, Yao Y, Xu X and Yao W 2015 Chem. Soc. Rev.44 2643

    2015

Pith tools

Reviewed August 8, 2026 · model on record in the stance chip above.