Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T14:37:31.568740Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 9 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 54 of 54 outbound references and 3 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.18319.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T14:37:31.568740Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T14:27:40.625888Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-06-29T07:13:17.273001Z
54 of 54 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation d7c751d3-82b1-4642-bc42-b7826e31220a · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Gemini 2.0 flash
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation c7d90f0e-7d05-4c69-8d3a-aa97268e176f · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Gemini 2.5: Our most intelligent ai model.https://blog.google/technology/ google-deepmind/gemini-model-thinking-updates-march-2025/ , Mar 2025
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation ac2c94a4-aa8a-47e2-8596-bed457bd5ae2 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Llama 3: Open foundation and instruction-tuned language models
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 641e0e33-0a9b-4e1b-a226-f4408f6de827 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Mistral small 3.1: The best model in its weight class
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 3f994386-dfbb-4d59-b580-5efa5883cce6 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Macbench: A multimodal chemistry and materials science benchmark
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation f95566bf-599d-4794-a27c-fa12fd4e32cc · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Claude 3.5 haiku: Our fastest model for daily tasks
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 3761e841-7ff2-40c1-8f80-dc27e0aebfc5 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Claude 3.7 sonnet: Frontier reasoning made practical
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation e5fc42b0-0c32-4ac9-942d-9ae3e324cc30 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science The sciqa scientific question answering benchmark for scholarly knowledge
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 6f797387-1dd3-4d17-b096-8e4f0accec69 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Testing and evaluation of health care applications of large language models: a systematic review
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 2132cafa-11a9-42ee-b77b-6c75635a9ba1 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Large language model assisted software engineering: prospects, challenges, and a case study
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 84b80401-ece1-43a0-8b7b-a162896ce705 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Language models are few-shot learners
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f34aec46-0d30-463a-8c9a-85c5ec328b71 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Unresolved cited work
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation ea55b496-1462-4344-9429-0277bb753dc0 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science MicroVQA: A Multimodal Reasoning Benchmark for Microscopy-Based Scientific Research
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 92c3da44-2d64-4190-b906-a888cb901253 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Physbench: Benchmarking and enhancing vision-language models for physical world understanding, 2025
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 35d18a44-f0e9-4608-942d-7563f4dff2cd · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Pixtral-12b
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation c98fd901-187b-4d6c-a376-4d87a6357c5d · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Crqbench: A benchmark of code reasoning questions, 2024
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation fbc9510b-ab2d-4229-b5bf-165ff9d0b7d3 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Unresolved cited work
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fbfafdb1-1525-4336-a9b4-fe3677afcc66 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Chawla, Olaf Wiest, and Xiangliang Zhang
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 5f1a9156-b12b-4e04-b277-c52ee4099d6b · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Can mllms reason in multimodality? emma: An enhanced multimodal reasoning benchmark, 2025
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation aa968392-d87f-4340-a6c2-98de0a00615a · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Accurate predictions on small data with a tabular foundation model
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 70992795-0742-4325-8508-ed38e745d737 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science 14 examples of how llms can transform materials science and chemistry: a reflection on a large language model hackathon
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation db21a3d9-40be-4ddc-b733-5b274f9e3f11 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science LiveCodeBench: Holistic and Contamination Free Evaluation of Large Language Models for Code
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation dd30ca1b-7695-4919-be07-b5ad9d084716 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Llm based biological named entity recognition from scientific literature
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation a2b9b61b-0b78-408e-987c-e2184fb36abb · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Physicsassistant: An llm-powered interactive learning robot for physics lab investigations
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation e859e63b-40c1-4330-a710-57b3de6eb1bd · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science LAB-Bench: Measuring Capabilities of Language Models for Biology Research
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 451c8672-784e-4d15-b39d-e1cb7520041d · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science MMSci: A Dataset for Graduate-Level Multi-Discipline Multimodal Scientific Understanding
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation bb15f788-6e53-44a9-8197-84c88d93857b · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Micro-bench: A microscopy benchmark for vision-language under- standing
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation d3622575-f6ee-4858-aa5d-1385d97225ae · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Micro-bench: A microscopy benchmark for vision-language understanding
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 708d5cf2-cdfd-47b2-8a67-49f9699a65a9 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Mathvista: Evaluating mathematical reasoning of foundation models in visual contexts, 2024
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e34cc524-12be-4fe9-9ac2-5ff46d2fc721 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Learn to explain: Multimodal reasoning via thought chains for science question answering
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 5416bac9-0491-4f9c-ac39-03140d769fa8 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Biomedgpt: Open multimodal generative pre-trained transformer for biomedicine, 2023
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 2ac87514-d29f-4913-8188-41a29b7270e1 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Bioinspiredllm: Conversational large language model for the mechanics of biological and bio-inspired materials
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 2a7e0152-63e3-42c7-a425-836edad27553 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Doan, Nam V
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 22b1e249-1851-49c9-938a-076dbbf8cdf2 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Phi-4-multimodal-instruct
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation b26e6f9a-2fc0-49fb-a8ba-1ae6a33983ff · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Using an llm to help with code understanding
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a0cd9816-c85c-4914-b826-8a08ad397619 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Large language models in healthcare and medical domain: A review
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 2212df79-8f48-42b2-8147-97951b1bb5ac · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Gpt-4o mini: Advancing cost-efficient intelligence, 2024
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 92df63d0-f197-41ff-be94-c4f0b36195ed · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science GPT-4o System Card
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fec42848-87a7-4505-a9c4-9cd595b0b6bf · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science A study of generative large language model for medical research and healthcare
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation f653b38b-8d0d-46cc-bbb0-83f80696bb3f · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Qwen2.5-VL Technical Report
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f15a4272-bf5a-4740-bcf2-f546336443b5 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science LLM4Mat-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Materials Property Prediction
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9fb76ad5-16be-484a-865c-860845309415 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science HoneyBee: Progressive Instruction Finetuning of Large Language Models for Materials Science
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f3867d7c-f412-45c0-8c93-bbafa58a1b2b · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Multimodalqa: Complex question answering over text, tables and images, 2021
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 03e99d67-dde6-41f2-8be8-41628a45f936 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of context, 2024
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 88e1ddc9-39df-4998-85a0-00aced3a962a · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Evaluating the Performance and Robustness of LLMs in Materials Science Q&A and Property Predictions
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ba7cdd1e-d66b-4bea-8c25-500ebba72495 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Grok-2 beta release
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 1301f6cc-0d56-4949-878e-e0c0e4f6819f · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Dearing, Jeffrey W
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 105ec70d-5db7-44a7-b69c-341314bc093b · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science MMMU-Pro: A More Robust Multi-discipline Multimodal Understanding Benchmark
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 51af6c11-1a67-4ed3-80c1-ef5bc0101241 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Mascqa: investigating materials science knowledge of large language models
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 150dd92c-c77a-49b6-ba9e-c34e8bece0a2 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science ChemLLM: A Chemical Large Language Model
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation de8ae1e0-fa17-410f-817a-0c2cfeff945a · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science HoneyComb: A Flexible LLM-Based Agent System for Materials Science
Reference 51
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 64e0bd8d-2714-4e41-8485-a24995c40c8b · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science Mathverse: Does your multi-modal llm truly see the diagrams in visual math problems? In European Conference on Computer Vision, pages 169–186
Reference 52
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 337a535b-dda0-49a5-a77e-9fd53748ad23 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science The answer is (X) \
Reference 53
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation c563b09d-030b-48f7-bc5c-6f982145db88 · outbound
Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science peak shape
Reference 54
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.
Observation 39e81633-0cfa-428b-bc6a-beda51a2d2d4 · inbound
System-1.5 Reasoning: Traversal in Language and Latent Spaces with Dynamic Shortcuts Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science
Reference 51
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6cc40457-9300-49d1-a1d8-8cc7df978a9e · inbound
What to Ask Next? Probing the Imaginative Reasoning of LLMs with TurtleSoup Puzzles Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation eb78a028-971f-4930-bbc2-63986891dcb5 · inbound
OmniMatBench: A Human-Calibrated Multimodal Reasoning Benchmark Across 19 Materials Science Subfields Seeing Beyond Words: MatVQA for Challenging Visual-Scientific Reasoning in Materials Science
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.