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Distinguishing Quarks and Gluons in Pion and Kaon PDFs
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abstract
The leading-twist parton distribution functions of the pion and kaon are calculated for the first time using a rainbow-ladder truncation of QCD's Dyson-Schwinger equations (DSEs) that self-consistently sums all planar diagrams. The non-perturbative gluon dressing of the quarks is thereby correctly accounted for, which in practice means solving the inhomogeneous Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) for the quark operator that defines the spin-independent quark distribution functions. An immediate consequence of using this dressed vertex is that gluons carry 35% of the pion's and 30% of the kaon's light-cone momentum, with the remaining momentum carried by the quarks. The scale associated with these DSE results is $\mu_0 = 0.78\,$GeV. The gluon effects generated by the inhomogeneous BSE are inherently non-perturbative and cannot be mimicked by the perturbative QCD evolution equations. A key consequence of this gluon dressing is that the valence quarks have reduced support at low-to-intermediate $x$, where the gluons dominate, and increased support at large $x$. As a result, our DSE calculation of the pion's valence quark distribution is in excellent agreement with the Conway et al. pion-induced Drell-Yan data, but nevertheless exhibits the $q_\pi(x) \simeq (1-x)^2$ behavior as $x\to 1$ predicted by perturbative QCD.
Forward citations
Cited by 5 Pith papers
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Gradient flow for parton distribution functions: first application to the pion
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Gluon Parts of Gravitational Form Factors and Mass Distribution
A DSE rainbow-ladder calculation produces quark and gluon gravitational form factors, mass radii, and D-terms for nucleon and pion, finding gluon distributions generated purely by quark dressing.
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A basis light-front QCD model with one dynamical gluon reproduces strange meson spectra and yields kaon form factors, PDFs, and Drell-Yan cross sections testable at COMPASS++/AMBER.
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Mapping Parton Distributions of Hadrons with Lattice QCD
A review of lattice QCD methods and results for x-dependent parton distribution functions and generalized parton distributions of hadrons.
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