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A Tale of Two Butterflies: An Exact Equivalence in Higher-Derivative Gravity

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arxiv 2203.06189 v1 pith:OGWWWBBR submitted 2022-03-11 hep-th cond-mat.str-elgr-qc

A Tale of Two Butterflies: An Exact Equivalence in Higher-Derivative Gravity

classification hep-th cond-mat.str-elgr-qc
keywords butterflyvelocitycomputationequivalenceholographictheoriesgravitationalhigher-derivative
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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We prove the equivalence of two holographic computations of the butterfly velocity in higher-derivative theories with Lagrangian built from arbitrary contractions of curvature tensors. The butterfly velocity characterizes the speed at which local perturbations grow in chaotic many-body systems and can be extracted from the out-of-time-order correlator. This leads to a holographic computation in which the butterfly velocity is determined from a localized shockwave on the horizon of a dual black hole. A second holographic computation uses entanglement wedge reconstruction to define a notion of operator size and determines the butterfly velocity from certain extremal surfaces. By direct computation, we show that these two butterfly velocities match precisely in the aforementioned class of gravitational theories. We also present evidence showing that this equivalence holds in all gravitational theories. Along the way, we prove a number of general results on shockwave spacetimes.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Butterflies in $\textrm{T}\overline{\textrm{T}}$ deformed anomalous CFT$_2$

    hep-th 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    In TTbar-deformed anomalous CFT2 the chaos bound stays saturated while butterfly velocity depends nontrivially on deformation strength and anomaly, with a Hagedorn regime where the chaotic response turns complex.

  2. Quantum chaos and pole skipping in two-dimensional conformal perturbation theory

    hep-th 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0

    A deformed 2D CFT's stress-tensor pole-skipping point shifts at O(lambda^2); at h=1/2 the shift matches the holographic butterfly velocity.

  3. Entanglement spreading and emergent locality in Brownian SYK chains

    hep-th 2025-07 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    In a Brownian SYK chain at strong coupling, information from an injected qudit spreads inside a sharp light-cone at the butterfly velocity because the governing dynamics reduce to FKPP domain walls.

  4. Holographic Brownian dynamics of a heavy particle in a boosted thermal plasma background

    hep-th 2025-09 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    Holographic calculation of longitudinal and transverse diffusion coefficients for Brownian motion in a boosted AdS black brane, with verification of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem and expression of the coefficien...