Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe

As of 17 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 51 of 51 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2412.18997.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2412.18997 v2

Coverage vector

measured 51 of 51 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:32.577478Z

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One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

51 of 51 outbound references displayed

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External citation measurements

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Outbound references

Observation 6311ea0a-dc51-402a-a3c7-7db4d8483096 · outbound

This paper cites Cosmological con- sequences of a spontaneous breakdown of a discrete symmetry.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Cosmological con- sequences of a spontaneous breakdown of a discrete symmetry

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.653767Z

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Observation ec126713-32a4-410f-80c9-c9eda1f12a95 · outbound

This paper cites Topology of cosmic domains and strings.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Topology of cosmic domains and strings

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.640557Z

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Observation dafb649d-8b51-4161-848c-736ea1c2d363 · outbound

This paper cites Some implications of a cosmological phase transi- tion.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Some implications of a cosmological phase transi- tion

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.627044Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 55d8b19a-7e87-4ff2-93d4-a428d1d93223 · outbound

This paper cites Cosmic strings and domain walls.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Cosmic strings and domain walls

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.612998Z

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Observation b56b040b-495a-484d-9179-cab48fa404b5 · outbound

This paper cites Evolution of cosmic string networks.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Evolution of cosmic string networks

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.599640Z

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Observation 35f9385c-ab71-4d15-942f-3b6984490492 · outbound

This paper cites Dynamical Evolution of Domain Walls in an Expanding Universe.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Dynamical Evolution of Domain Walls in an Expanding Universe

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.586296Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 1f2494a7-e0a9-458e-b4b6-97eaaa1c8fba · outbound

This paper cites Cosmological structure formation from soft topological defects.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Cosmological structure formation from soft topological defects

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.572583Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 6218691e-3cde-4750-9db3-49658a5949c9 · outbound

This paper cites Structure formation from unstable domain walls.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Structure formation from unstable domain walls

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.559034Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 773acc8f-e600-4c30-84a0-b14eaf07ab45 · outbound

This paper cites Cosmic strings.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Cosmic strings

Reference 9

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 7faed8ba-c820-4970-bfdb-869a44db32dc · outbound

This paper cites Evolution of a Non-Abelian Cosmic String Network.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Evolution of a Non-Abelian Cosmic String Network

Reference 10

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.246275Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation aae2b586-ea3d-4af8-9a6e-65644f23aba5 · outbound

This paper cites Domain walls as dark energy.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Domain walls as dark energy

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.544158Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 58a59e03-4c2f-4505-93a6-b8f1c1e512ec · outbound

This paper cites A detail study of defect models for cosmic structure formation.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe A detail study of defect models for cosmic structure formation

Reference 12

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.224678Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 4ee97b0f-a461-4100-9e0f-4b3e911aa0df · outbound

This paper cites Cosmic structure formation with topological defects.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Cosmic structure formation with topological defects

Reference 13

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.201524Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 9ac1da51-e67c-4ee4-b8c1-1e5084172e8a · outbound

This paper cites Are Domain Walls ruled out ?.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Are Domain Walls ruled out ?

Reference 14

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.102118Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation c86e1a50-e8f6-44d2-a1d2-6f114c6d12c2 · outbound

This paper cites Bounds on Cosmic Strings from WMAP and SDSS.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Bounds on Cosmic Strings from WMAP and SDSS

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:32.405932Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation ddbe00c3-3d58-4656-add4-53be2618a6bc · outbound

This paper cites Constraints on cosmic strings from the LIGO-Virgo gravitational-wave detectors.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Constraints on cosmic strings from the LIGO-Virgo gravitational-wave detectors

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:32.410757Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation cab0c2e4-1aa7-44da-8943-eb67dde5eee4 · outbound

This paper cites Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis and Gamma-Ray Constraints on Cosmic Strings with a large Higgs condensate.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis and Gamma-Ray Constraints on Cosmic Strings with a large Higgs condensate

Reference 17

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.049485Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation a6239edb-32ab-46ed-b7d1-c837035d769b · outbound

This paper cites Multi-messenger constraints on Abelian-Higgs cosmic string networks.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Multi-messenger constraints on Abelian-Higgs cosmic string networks

Reference 18

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.028233Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 4e929177-34e1-4b4f-b409-d1d55d321955 · outbound

This paper cites Primordial Black Holes from Non-Equilibrium Second Order Phase Transition.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Primordial Black Holes from Non-Equilibrium Second Order Phase Transition

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:32.425105Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 041f8850-3e85-4700-980b-72c24fea680b · outbound

This paper cites The Formation of Primary Galactic Nuclei during Phase Transitions in the Early Universe.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe The Formation of Primary Galactic Nuclei during Phase Transitions in the Early Universe

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.529317Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 6ce2ce0c-b757-4695-aab9-900552b48ee6 · outbound

This paper cites Black holes from cosmic strings.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Black holes from cosmic strings

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.513102Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 4792447e-7b7e-4099-8adb-6feb127bd408 · outbound

This paper cites Formation of primordial black holes by cosmic strings.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Formation of primordial black holes by cosmic strings

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.495890Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 1e5fa05d-6e71-4796-b6dd-2d0b5982c103 · outbound

This paper cites Formationofblackholesfromcollapsed cosmic string loops.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Formationofblackholesfromcollapsed cosmic string loops

Reference 23

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:32.987946Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation ea674e8c-4f57-4405-991b-32b28deb79b7 · outbound

This paper cites Cosmic strings and primordial black holes.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Cosmic strings and primordial black holes

Reference 24

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:32.844469Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 83f47764-bf45-4014-b896-b46048a0dad2 · outbound

This paper cites Primordial black holes from cosmic domain walls.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Primordial black holes from cosmic domain walls

Reference 25

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.479361Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 795ad040-c64a-4cb4-abf6-3b917f7ed266 · outbound

This paper cites Primordial Structure of Massive Black Hole Clusters.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Primordial Structure of Massive Black Hole Clusters

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:32.456900Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2c511143-ee36-49e9-92b2-ed82b8f87431 · outbound

This paper cites Quasars formation around clusters of primordial black holes.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Quasars formation around clusters of primordial black holes

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:32.461111Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation aa31d25b-9c11-4dd8-85d8-0284560b5a3e · outbound

This paper cites Early formation of galaxies initiated by clusters of primordial black holes.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Early formation of galaxies initiated by clusters of primordial black holes

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:32.465677Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 674a52f0-1652-494c-a8bc-b896451b4118 · outbound

This paper cites Clusters of primordial black holes.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Clusters of primordial black holes

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:32.470343Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 64a04deb-3200-4e64-be28-7414c0588a43 · outbound

This paper cites A new type of isotropic cosmological models with- out singularity.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe A new type of isotropic cosmological models with- out singularity

Reference 30

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.463571Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation ffec533e-00ca-42a5-8dab-4ead4472ba71 · outbound

This paper cites Classical transitions with the topological number changing in the early Universe.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Classical transitions with the topological number changing in the early Universe

Reference 31

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:32.760821Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation aa4d323a-f053-4748-89dd-14521fa6927b · outbound

This paper cites Cosmological For- mationof(2+1)-DimensionalSolitonStructuresinModelsPossessing Potentials with Local Peaks.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Cosmological For- mationof(2+1)-DimensionalSolitonStructuresinModelsPossessing Potentials with Local Peaks

Reference 32

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.448183Z

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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 60d48aad-6407-4c12-93f3-71d57b104138 · outbound

This paper cites Domain walls and strings formation in the early Universe.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Domain walls and strings formation in the early Universe

Reference 33

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:32.739753Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation ac61f2f5-2503-479e-b3c7-c5882fa23a58 · outbound

This paper cites Planck 2018 results. VII. Isotropy and Statistics of the CMB.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Planck 2018 results. VII. Isotropy and Statistics of the CMB

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:32.495628Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2ffd6323-d001-4398-aa05-d74bce651142 · outbound

This paper cites Scalar field fluctuations in the expanding universe and the new inflationary universe scenario.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Scalar field fluctuations in the expanding universe and the new inflationary universe scenario

Reference 35

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.432973Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 82d6bb98-669f-49c3-bb4f-baa8036d9423 · outbound

This paper cites Particle Physics and Inflationary Cosmology.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Particle Physics and Inflationary Cosmology

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:32.506497Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2d93aa66-b3a7-4b67-a680-294056f957f2 · outbound

This paper cites Accelerating High-Order Stencils on GPUs.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Accelerating High-Order Stencils on GPUs

Reference 37

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:32.689254Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 160e197b-a1b2-4ed5-9766-86bc559ecd45 · outbound

This paper cites Extreme-scale high-order weno simulations of 3-d deto- nation wave with 10 million cores.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Extreme-scale high-order weno simulations of 3-d deto- nation wave with 10 million cores

Reference 38

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.418444Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 4a5dd6d3-3543-448a-9a66-2b90a123eb29 · outbound

This paper cites Vilenkin and E.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Vilenkin and E

Reference 39

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.403665Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation e1186948-38f5-4c7d-8ef5-2c103a86c116 · outbound

This paper cites Walls bounded by strings.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Walls bounded by strings

Reference 40

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.389234Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation f67e6882-b9a4-478b-bbae-1c715b874396 · outbound

This paper cites Radiation from vac- uum strings and domain walls.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Radiation from vac- uum strings and domain walls

Reference 41

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.374590Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation c742f7ba-56c9-41e1-9cde-54aeca0f9822 · outbound

This paper cites On the decay of cosmic string loops.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe On the decay of cosmic string loops

Reference 42

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.359858Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation aa65ecf1-bc25-4ac9-9d8c-841a229190eb · outbound

This paper cites Nongravitational decay of cosmic strings.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Nongravitational decay of cosmic strings

Reference 43

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.342206Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 2a475ae6-1703-40a8-9086-9d0182216e53 · outbound

This paper cites Collapse of nearly spherical domain walls.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Collapse of nearly spherical domain walls

Reference 44

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.325617Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 546e37bf-ae31-4a4a-bc04-e6cd7db68bcc · outbound

This paper cites Production of dark matter axions from collapse of string-wall systems.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Production of dark matter axions from collapse of string-wall systems

Reference 45

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.310204Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation bc12c8c4-6090-467d-847f-5b142c45ea2b · outbound

This paper cites Dark Matter from Decaying Topological Defects.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Dark Matter from Decaying Topological Defects

Reference 46

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:32.666434Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 62ca07b1-9b8b-42ba-bf07-c0f252c445dc · outbound

This paper cites Black holes from nucleating strings.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Black holes from nucleating strings

Reference 47

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.294181Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation bb94be42-7b41-41ec-aae3-6e9b0bfba441 · outbound

This paper cites CosmicStringLoops CollapsingtoBlackHoles.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe CosmicStringLoops CollapsingtoBlackHoles

Reference 48

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:33.280277Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 6f71d08d-c320-464c-b2aa-bf50cdaef517 · outbound

This paper cites Cosmic String Loop Collapse in Full General Relativity.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Cosmic String Loop Collapse in Full General Relativity

Reference 49

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:32.567841Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a335d7f7-6504-4b78-8e03-1432c0c34830 · outbound

This paper cites Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter: Recent Developments.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter: Recent Developments

Reference 50

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:32.572839Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fd5d6487-e103-4961-8760-d3e821d9ccf7 · outbound

This paper cites Constraints on Primordial Black Holes.

Soliton foam formation in the early Universe Constraints on Primordial Black Holes

Reference 51

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T01:06:32.577478Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.