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Interstellar Objects and Exocomets
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In this chapter we review our knowledge of our galaxy's cometary population outside our Oort Cloud - exocomets and Interstellar Objects (ISOs). We start with a brief overview of planetary system formation, viewed as a general process around stars. We then take a more detailed look at the creation and structure of exocometary belts, as revealed by the unprecedented combination of theoretical and observational advances in recent years. The existence and characteristics of individual exocomets orbiting other stars is summarized, before looking at the mechanisms by which they may be ejected into interstellar space. The discovery of the first two ISOs is then described, along with the surprising differences in their observed characteristics. We end by looking ahead to what advances may take place in the next decade.
Forward citations
Cited by 4 Pith papers
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A Search for Transiting Exocomets in TESS Sectors 1-26
A TESS primary mission search finds five new exocomet-like transit candidates and estimates a 2.64e-4 per star per year occurrence rate, concluding such transits are rare at 0.1% to 1% depths.
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From a Different Star: 3I/ATLAS in the context of the \={O}tautahi-Oxford interstellar object population model
3I/ATLAS's incoming speed and direction fit the Otautahi-Oxford model, which predicts it is an old (likely over 7.6 Gyr), water-rich object with no kinematic link to 1I/Oumuamua or 2I/Borisov.
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A portrait throughout perihelion of the NH$_2$-rich interstellar comet 2I/Borisov
2I/Borisov is confirmed as carbon-depleted and NH2-rich among measured comets, with a significant rise in NH2 production after its 2020 splitting event.
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The Kinematic Age of 3I/ATLAS and its Implications for Early Planet Formation
3I/ATLAS is likely an old, active comet about 2 km across, and its high speed implies it formed roughly 3 to 11 billion years ago around a low-metallicity star.
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