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Direct real photons in relativistic heavy ion collisions
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Direct real photons are arguably the most versatile tools to study relativistic heavy ion collisions. They are produced, by various mechanisms, during the entire space-time history of the strongly interacting system. Also, being colorless, most the time they escape without further interaction, ie they are penetrating probes. This makes them rich in information, but hard to decypher and interpret. This review presents the experimental and theoretical developments related to direct real photons since the 1970s, with a special emphasis on the recently emerged "direct photon puzzle", the simultaneous presence of large yields and strong azimuthal asymmetries of photons in heavy ion collisions, an observation that so far eluded full and coherent explanation.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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Direct-photon production in inelastic and high-multiplicity proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV
First measurement of low-pT direct photons in 13 TeV pp collisions, showing a 3.2 sigma signal in inelastic and a 1.9 sigma hint in high-multiplicity events, with yield rising with multiplicity.
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Rotating synchrotron radiation: Photon emission from magnetized and rotating quark-gluon plasma
Rotation enhances synchrotron photon emission from negatively charged quarks in a magnetized QGP, producing a low-transverse-momentum v2 that can reduce the direct photon puzzle tension.
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Effective temperatures of the QGP from thermal photon and dilepton production
In the Trajectum model, dilepton effective temperatures reliably track the quark-gluon plasma temperature, while photon effective temperatures are biased by flow and stay near 250-300 MeV.
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Thermal dilepton production within conformal viscous Gubser flow
Thermal dilepton yields and effective temperatures are computed for conformal viscous Gubser flow, showing larger yields for lower q (larger systems) and higher effective temperatures for smaller systems.
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Dynamics of Hot QCD Matter 2024 -- Bulk Properties
This proceedings volume collects 19 conference contributions on the bulk properties of hot QCD matter, mostly extending established models and comparing them with lattice QCD and heavy-ion data.
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Strongly interacting matter in extreme magnetic fields
A state-of-the-art review of magnetic field effects in QCD and QED matter, covering meson properties, anomalous transport, effective models, the QCD phase diagram, and neutron stars.
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