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BC-Z: Zero-Shot Task Generalization with Robotic Imitation Learning

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arxiv 2202.02005 v1 pith:R3ODEXCX submitted 2022-02-04 cs.RO cs.LG

classification cs.ROcs.LG
keywords learningtasksimitationrobotsystemtaskchallengedata
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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In this paper, we study the problem of enabling a vision-based robotic manipulation system to generalize to novel tasks, a long-standing challenge in robot learning. We approach the challenge from an imitation learning perspective, aiming to study how scaling and broadening the data collected can facilitate such generalization. To that end, we develop an interactive and flexible imitation learning system that can learn from both demonstrations and interventions and can be conditioned on different forms of information that convey the task, including pre-trained embeddings of natural language or videos of humans performing the task. When scaling data collection on a real robot to more than 100 distinct tasks, we find that this system can perform 24 unseen manipulation tasks with an average success rate of 44%, without any robot demonstrations for those tasks.

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Forward citations

Cited by 9 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. OpenAlex reports about 90 citations worldwide. Full citation record

  1. Grounded Semantic Re-Binding for Robust Instruction Generalization in Vision-Language-Action Models

    cs.RO 2026-08 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Robots keep the right task in mind under paraphrased instructions but execute wrong actions because joint vision-language features shift; rerouting semantics through frozen T5 and retraining the action expert restores...

  2. Weights or Skills? A Survey of Robot-Learning Techniques: from Action-Predicting Weights to Robots that Write their Own Skills

    cs.RO 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A taxonomy of robot learning on a weights-versus-skills axis, with a five-rung self-improvement ladder whose top cell (feedback plus memory plus search) holds only a few recent systems.

  3. Geometry-Aware Motion Latents for Learning Robust Manipulation Policies

    cs.RO 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Predicting future 3D pointmaps forces discrete motion latents to encode physical geometric transformations, improving single-view robot manipulation over 2D/static-3D baselines.

  4. Can Pretrained Vision-Language Embeddings Alone Guide Robot Navigation?

    cs.RO 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A behavior-cloning policy trained only on frozen SigLIP embeddings reaches 74% of language-specified targets in a simple simulator, versus 100% for a state-aware expert, and takes 3.2x more steps.

  5. EgoZero: Robot Learning from Smart Glasses

    cs.RO 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Robot policies trained only on egocentric human videos from smart glasses transfer zero-shot to a Franka gripper, with 70% success across 7 manipulation tasks.

  6. Guided Action Flow: Q-Guided Inference for Flow-Matching Vision-Language-Action Policies

    cs.RO 2026-07 unverdicted novelty 5.5 of 10

    Q-guided reverse-time flow sampling with a rollout-trained action-chunk critic improves frozen SmolVLA success on LIBERO, with strong single-task gains but only modest locked held-out transfer.

  7. DIPOLE: Fusing Vision and Geometry for Robust Visuomotor Generalization

    cs.RO 2025-11 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Fusing RGB and point-cloud inputs with training-time modality dropout plus cross-attention makes a diffusion visuomotor policy markedly more robust to visual and spatial shifts than unimodal or naively fused baselines.

  8. Imitation Learning Based on Disentangled Representation Learning of Behavioral Characteristics

    cs.RO 2025-09 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A weakly-supervised CVAE with action chunking lets a robot change wiping speed online from instruction labels, but the same mechanism fails to disentangle wiping force and fails on spatial pick-and-place directives.

  9. Data Pyramid for Embodied Manipulation

    cs.RO 2026-07 conditional novelty 3.0 of 10

    Embodied training data form a five-layer pyramid—real-robot, UMI, ego/exo, simulation, general V–L—ordered by the trade-off between scale and robot alignment, and model capabilities track how those layers are mixed.

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