MMS Observations of a Compressed Current Sheet: Importance of the Ambipolar Electric Field

Spacecraft data reveals a nonuniform ambipolar electric field transverse to the magnetic field in a thin magnetotail current sheet that leads to intense ExB velocity shear and non-gyrotropic particle distributions. The ExB drift far exceeds the diamagnetic drift and drives lower hybrid waves localized to the magnetic field reversal region, which is ideally suited for the anomalous dissipation necessary for reconnection. It also reveals substructures embedded in the current density, indicating the formation of a non-ideal current sheet.