Detection of the Water Reservoir in a Forming Planetary System

10) ((1) Leiden Observatory; (10) Max-Planck-Intitut fur Extraterrestrische Physik); (2) Department of Astronomy; (3) Division of Geological; (4) Astronomical Institute `Anton Pannekoek'; (5) Division of Phsysics; (6) Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; (7) Department of Physics; (8) European Southern Observatory; (9) Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Detection of the Water Reservoir in a Forming Planetary System

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arxiv 1110.4600 v2 pith:TJMI7QCK submitted 2011-10-20 astro-ph.SR astro-ph.EP

Michiel R. Hogerheijde (1) , Edwin A. Bergin (2) , Christian Brinch (1) , L. Ilsedore Cleeves (2) , Jeffrey K. J. Fogel (2) , Geoffrey A. Blake (3) , Carsten Dominik (4) , Dariusz C. Lis (5)

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Gary Melnick (6) David Neufeld (7) Olja Panic (8) John C. Pearson (9) Lars Kristensen (1) Umut A. Yildiz (1) Ewine F. van Dishoeck (1 10) ((1) Leiden Observatory Leiden University (2) Department of Astronomy University of Michigan (3) Division of Geological Planetary Sciences California Institute of Technology (4) Astronomical Institute `Anton Pannekoek' University of Amsterdam (5) Division of Phsysics Mathematics Astronomy (6) Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (7) Department of Physics Johns Hopkins University (8) European Southern Observatory (9) Jet Propulsion Laboratory (10) Max-Planck-Intitut fur Extraterrestrische Physik)

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keywords watercometsdiskearlyearthoceansplanetaryreservoir

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Icy bodies may have delivered the oceans to the early Earth, yet little is known about water in the ice-dominated regions of extra-solar planet-forming disks. The Heterodyne Instrument for the Far-Infrared on-board the Herschel Space Observatory has detected emission from both spin isomers of cold water vapor from the disk around the young star TW Hydrae. This water vapor likely originates from ice-coated solids near the disk surface hinting at a water ice reservoir equivalent to several thousand Earth Oceans in mass. The water's ortho-to-para ratio falls well below that of Solar System comets, suggesting that comets contain heterogeneous ice mixtures collected across the entire solar nebula during the early stages of planetary birth.

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Spatial distribution of water ice in the protoplanetary silhouette disk d216-0939
astro-ph.EP 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

A radiative transfer model of the edge-on disk d216-0939 indicates 5.4% crystalline water ice in the cold outer layers, implying outward transport of ice.

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