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Generation of Large Vortex-Free Superfluid Helium Nanodroplets

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arxiv 2302.07355 v3 pith:UF36NJ5H submitted 2023-02-14 cond-mat.mes-hall physics.atm-clusphysics.flu-dyn

Generation of Large Vortex-Free Superfluid Helium Nanodroplets

classification cond-mat.mes-hall physics.atm-clusphysics.flu-dyn
keywords heliumnanodropletsvortex-freeformationgenerationnanostructuressuperfluidaggregation
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Superfluid helium nanodroplets are an ideal environment for the formation of metastable, self-organized dopant nanostructures. However, the presence of vortices often hinders their formation. Here, we demonstrate the generation of vortex-free helium nanodroplets and explore the size range in which they can be produced. From x-ray diffraction images of xenon-doped droplets, we identify that single compact structures, assigned to vortex-free aggregation, prevail up to $10^8$ atoms per droplet. This finding builds the basis for exploring the assembly of far-from-equilibrium nanostructures at low temperatures.

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