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Evidence for deconfined U(1) gauge theory at the transition between toric code and double semion

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arxiv 2008.06509 v3 pith:YOVLRKUM submitted 2020-08-14 cond-mat.str-el

Evidence for deconfined U(1) gauge theory at the transition between toric code and double semion

classification cond-mat.str-el
keywords phasecodedoubledualevidencegaugeisingsemion
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Building on quantum Monte Carlo simulations, we study the phase diagram of a one-parameter Hamiltonian interpolating between trivial and topological Ising paramagnets in two dimensions, which are dual to the toric code and the double semion. We discover an intermediate phase with stripe order which spontaneously breaks the protecting Ising symmetry. Remarkably, we find evidence that this intervening phase is gapless due to the incommensurability of the stripe pattern and that it is dual to a $U(1)$ gauge theory exhibiting Cantor deconfinement.

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    cond-mat.str-el 2025-09 unverdicted novelty 8.0

    Twisted quantum double phases for finite groups can be realized in sign problem-free local Hamiltonians via stochastic series expansion, contrary to the prior belief that non-positive wavefunctions imply an intrinsic ...