Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-12T10:52:51.080297Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 24 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 61 of 61 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2608.11074.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-12T10:52:51.080297Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
61 of 61 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation fb823829-1f21-46f5-88fd-b8f41034e29a · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering GPT-4 Technical Report
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 22c684da-e563-4c0c-b94f-a7f2a2e240cd · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Nocaps: Novel object captioning at scale
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 6e061977-c34d-4e46-b188-37e0058f3497 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Introducing Qwen3.5.https:// qwen.ai/blog?id=qwen3.5, 2026
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 10341f9d-452f-43db-bb0d-934fda7b16af · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Introducing Qwen3.7-Plus.https: //qwen.ai/blog?id=qwen3.7-plus, 2026
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation ca6037cf-610c-4c8d-84ad-fe7349a80727 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Spice: Semantic propositional image caption evaluation
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation a2c58138-d414-4311-bca2-12a02ee3e5af · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Introducing Claude 4.8 Opus.https://www
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 87f3132f-49e6-4260-ad4d-1910cdbd0a8c · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Introducing Claude 5 Sonnet.https://www
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 10b6c1b8-bb8b-4b50-892e-3ea7ae7a9505 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Qwen3-VL Technical Report
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fe604e3a-a988-4434-9038-668068b36227 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering METEOR: An auto- matic metric for MT evaluation with improved correlation with human judgments
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation edfacc98-fea9-46e1-889d-8cf3ae14a668 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Improving image generation with better captions
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation bd2c4123-99e8-479b-9821-1ab9b7eb877e · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering SAM 3: Segment Anything with Concepts
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8e898339-e4c0-4cbf-871a-19a6272aadbc · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Sharegpt4video: Improving video understanding and generation with better captions
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 2bc2570f-4f2a-473c-a4b5-47f28b23849f · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Microsoft COCO Captions: Data Collection and Evaluation Server
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 66ecfa82-8de1-41d9-9daa-037ace047ce3 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Caparena: Benchmarking and analyzing detailed image captioning in the llm era
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 3892b1af-b0f5-4f9d-94de-86c4438bf51e · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Probabilistic embeddings for cross-modal retrieval
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f6c249fb-f688-4567-b001-6c6e6bddf1ae · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Benchmarking and Improving Detail Image Caption
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 06e094b6-4fca-43f2-a84b-cbec7f1e8829 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Caponimage: Context-driven dense-captioning on image
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 614d9046-cbe1-40b3-bba3-c01e53ba54a0 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Gemini 3.1 pro: A smarter model for your most complex tasks.https://blog.google/ innovation - and - ai / models - and - research / gemini-models/gemini-3-1-pro/, 2026
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 8ad105b4-5cfd-4f4d-b931-3fd5a5a0753f · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering The Llama 3 Herd of Models
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation bb0459c9-ad98-43ae-ad5f-447880af2d24 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Lvis: A dataset for large vocabulary instance segmentation
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 63c1495b-ff17-46c2-9a7d-8d36fd6fa924 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Vizwiz grand challenge: Answering visual questions from blind people
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ccbb5663-0755-4698-82bf-0a88b475d55d · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Clipscore: A reference-free evaluation metric for image captioning
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation b5ee2265-de97-4ea4-aaf5-59e8e1d7911b · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering GPT-4o System Card
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 18cde2de-648d-4b74-a01d-a825ae005dab · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Ultralytics YOLO26: Unified Real-Time End-to-End Vision Models
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c5566fef-f324-47ee-9648-53d8379abe58 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Densecap: Fully convolutional localization networks for dense caption- ing
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation c3e5a9fd-26b1-4ca2-aaf6-303e5a4cb20e · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Unresolved cited work
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 08ef701c-714a-4f5b-ae1e-6708a30a4cab · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering DenseWorld-1M: Towards Detailed Dense Grounded Caption in the Real World
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 0c4914dc-2ac3-41f2-b682-6a1c38a2b201 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Evaluating object hallucination in large vision- language models
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 5471df5c-4023-4deb-9f6f-3d7d2fd4f774 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Describe anything: Detailed localized image and video captioning
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation ef83848c-e190-40fd-8578-c3d20361216a · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering ROUGE: A package for automatic evaluation of summaries
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 463a2f4a-6ebf-4d48-b514-17739c437d6e · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Capability: A comprehensive visual caption benchmark for evaluating both correctness and thoroughness.Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 38, 2026
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation d63f7896-5d34-486a-b1f1-a70ba4cfe167 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Benchmarking large vision-language models via directed scene graph for comprehensive image captioning
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 71152518-d0d9-4a43-8ad5-32090912b71f · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Tiktoken: A fast bpe tokeniser for use with openai’s models, 2025
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 941478e9-2896-487f-9fb4-71d671570938 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Introducing GPT-5.5.https://openai.com/ index/introducing-gpt-5-5/, 2026
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation c34e1d97-2c40-4d09-b61d-c5398be36015 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Bleu: a method for automatic evaluation of machine translation
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 3a36687d-027c-42ba-9cdf-e57e8a4c1f22 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Learning transferable visual models from natural language supervi- sion
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 0abb0a37-9e05-49f3-9f30-f3d168c57684 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Kimi K2.5: Visual Agentic Intelligence
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a26dfb02-268a-4d3b-b099-e00709167faf · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation bdbd1a0f-2326-46ba-88c7-b0c4ef7633d1 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Cider: Consensus-based image description evalua- tion
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8413b54b-45a5-4218-9811-bbda9f10af53 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Mitigating fine-grained hallucination by fine- tuning large vision-language models with caption rewrites
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 361721fe-0e60-4e33-a77f-534259e12ab7 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Q-bench: A benchmark for general-purpose foundation models on low-level vision
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 115e3897-da30-47da-b3bc-1cd741aa6b1e · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Grit: A gener- ative region-to-text transformer for object understanding
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 9942a02c-6c61-4ae1-a7a2-9aa279b68c11 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Caprl: Stimulating dense image caption capabilities via reinforcement learning.arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.22647,
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 284a5143-6864-4bd3-8048-c86555f34307 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Qwen3 Technical Report
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e8f7bbbf-bd8f-47ec-bba3-89082c558477 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Cap- tionqa: Is your caption as useful as the image itself? In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pages 23741–23750, 2026
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 092b2168-da85-414e-8028-79404d2fe90a · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Ferret: Refer and ground anything anywhere at any granularity
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 43d3e77e-e753-433c-b720-5c705de9e5fa · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Unresolved cited work
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation f7c26d60-5375-423e-841a-d6959ade3a81 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Wein- berger, and Yoav Artzi
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 80997912-775a-44e6-8a5c-6f81061a05d3 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Qwen3 Embedding: Advancing Text Embedding and Reranking Through Foundation Models
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f9e969d4-9295-41a1-ae35-7dafedd33daa · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Dreamlip: Language- image pre-training with long captions
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 5e613948-0d9a-47e8-9e71-8a10acd3b89a · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering full-scene
Reference 51
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 9b48ed4d-7e31-4047-bf4c-1ea6848f57cd · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Unresolved cited work
Reference 52
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 549a85d1-4e64-4ba0-a64b-c5ad7906e6a6 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Unresolved cited work
Reference 55
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation c7b2f394-a591-4da4-a6e4-038498c8da95 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering 7 8Task: 9Generate the MAXIMUM possible number of QA pairs
Reference 63
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation d2f856ca-653c-41f0-83cf-cd4c26a573a1 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering object_id
Reference 74
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 0276021e-2f88-4a74-966b-34e75bc58508 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Do not hallucinate
Reference 91
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 8f36c795-134c-470f-b722-9949a081ba76 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Unresolved cited work
Reference 102
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation e4e5e57a-3cd5-49ef-ac2a-7be27d9eaa87 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering spatial_and_localization
Reference 113
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 0ce8dab3-aaaf-4827-84a2-e9c7b253b92e · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering the dog,
Reference 131
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 99f15aa7-1387-4680-b7dd-9094fcf98f68 · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering Natural Look
Reference 212
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
Observation 2852b140-43d5-46c6-a010-c178194c71cb · outbound
CapProbe: Evaluating Detailed Image Captions via Full-Scene Dense Question Answering How many white patches are on the neck of the Bulldog
Reference 263
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.
No inbound Pith citation observations are available.