Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 19 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 0 of 0 outbound references and 44 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2309.14181.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T20:56:36.491587Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-06-30T13:34:40.544825Z
0 of 0 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
No outbound reference observations are available for this paper version.
Observation ed5a36fc-22a4-429b-8d46-d70709c2e554 · inbound
InternLM-XComposer: A Vision-Language Large Model for Advanced Text-image Comprehension and Composition Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 90
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation f42ccc44-ad91-4fa8-a89e-cc5147a91bb8 · inbound
mPLUG-Owl2: Revolutionizing Multi-modal Large Language Model with Modality Collaboration Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 62
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation b55ad617-4d3b-4d92-b949-0d00498ccf20 · inbound
ShareGPT4V: Improving Large Multi-Modal Models with Better Captions Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 55
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 2249516d-2de1-4390-900e-fd29a4822493 · inbound
InternLM-XComposer2: Mastering Free-form Text-Image Composition and Comprehension in Vision-Language Large Model Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 86
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 58dfed88-a948-4aea-b2fa-f54f63bc2120 · inbound
Are We on the Right Way for Evaluating Large Vision-Language Models? Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation baba10dc-c7e9-4a1e-9c9f-1e755cfba758 · inbound
LLaVA-NeXT-Interleave: Tackling Multi-image, Video, and 3D in Large Multimodal Models Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 56
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 7d6556c8-6bf7-4c5c-a55a-eed967f4703e · inbound
LLaVA-OneVision: Easy Visual Task Transfer Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 139
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation ea24bf46-f79e-4581-8d74-e8261f784f22 · inbound
mPLUG-Owl3: Towards Long Image-Sequence Understanding in Multi-Modal Large Language Models Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 71
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 86e7cf85-9c5d-4019-b1f2-7dd6ca2338ed · inbound
VideoCogQA: A Controllable Benchmark for Evaluating Cognitive Abilities in Video-Language Models Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 52
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a1d94b10-0419-4ca0-a435-0c23be3dc8d8 · inbound
SEAGULL: No-reference Image Quality Assessment for Regions of Interest via Vision-Language Instruction Tuning Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 55
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fc733ae5-4260-40aa-bef6-d6c4d8b5bfd3 · inbound
MME-Survey: A Comprehensive Survey on Evaluation of Multimodal LLMs Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 86
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 679e364e-1217-4f2f-b871-72dd3108a562 · inbound
HEIE: MLLM-Based Hierarchical Explainable AIGC Image Implausibility Evaluator Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b43f0a02-66a8-49f5-a8e7-2bb071b663f6 · inbound
Video Quality Assessment: A Comprehensive Survey Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 103
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6baf2c07-0a34-4d85-b17c-83b77d28dfcb · inbound
Towards Unified Benchmark and Models for Multi-Modal Perceptual Metrics Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 75da596b-52c8-430a-b37f-a9537e2fe48a · inbound
Enhanced Vision-Language Models for Diverse Sensor Understanding: Cost-Efficient Optimization and Benchmarking Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7887edb3-c40e-451d-abd7-7f1a9801a02d · inbound
A Cognitive Paradigm Approach to Probe the Perception-Reasoning Interface in VLMs Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f06d7329-fe8c-4fe6-8afc-dc3557f02205 · inbound
LR0.FM: Low-Res Benchmark and Improving Robustness for Zero-Shot Classification in Foundation Models Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 75
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 5ce108d0-e454-49f4-87cd-7d8c01268d5d · inbound
TaskGalaxy: Scaling Multi-modal Instruction Fine-tuning with Tens of Thousands Vision Task Types Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 02e90f34-0ce5-4402-806a-6e34246c9f4c · inbound
Q-Agent: Quality-Driven Chain-of-Thought Image Restoration Agent through Robust Multimodal Large Language Model Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 86fdc821-6595-4038-b00b-564257566dd2 · inbound
HumaniBench: A Human-Centric Framework for Large Multimodal Models Evaluation Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 53
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2351fd5e-7ebe-44b6-9433-8b2268e094c9 · inbound
Position: Agentic Systems Constitute a Key Component of Next-Generation Intelligent Image Processing Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 53
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b4595a73-fa6a-4f5a-9acd-dace869b8128 · inbound
Instructify: Demystifying Metadata to Visual Instruction Tuning Data Conversion Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 74
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f020b70c-87f6-44bb-9d4e-21811f81ec82 · inbound
VF-Eval: Evaluating Multimodal LLMs for Generating Feedback on AIGC Videos Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 52
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 08cdb363-3f52-4770-ab45-d0777dfebffd · inbound
Affordance Benchmark for MLLMs Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c7c041f0-6fd7-491e-b307-15c86595814e · inbound
Evaluating MLLMs with Multimodal Multi-image Reasoning Benchmark Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 65cf78c1-f762-4134-85a9-5a22fc707003 · inbound
Q-Ponder: A Unified Training Pipeline for Reasoning-based Visual Quality Assessment Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 62
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 3f494b77-2ed4-4347-9dd5-c27fd2a5c421 · inbound
Visual-Instructed Degradation Diffusion for All-in-One Image Restoration Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 124
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a3c78e87-7777-4fb2-900b-a218944e0aef · inbound
LaCo: Efficient Layer-wise Compression of Visual Tokens for Multimodal Large Language Models Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 52
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2fead64d-dbc4-4359-9ee6-64e76241c392 · inbound
AIGI-Holmes: Towards Explainable and Generalizable AI-Generated Image Detection via Multimodal Large Language Models Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 94
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation deea241a-0e92-4806-a506-de4fbeffaa21 · inbound
Flow reorganization and transport enhancement in two-dimensional horizontal convection near a density extremum Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 64
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2f7e0cc4-21f5-4358-8f59-09d116c72512 · inbound
RadarQA: Multi-modal Quality Analysis of Weather Radar Forecasts Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 64
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fd9350a5-f19b-4416-a29b-f95cef1e66e5 · inbound
Parameter-Efficient Adaptation of mPLUG-Owl2 via Pixel-Level Visual Prompts for NR-IQA Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1e666cc3-0a11-4a25-9bc3-288cd37cd3c5 · inbound
VisualOverload: Probing Visual Understanding of VLMs in Really Dense Scenes Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1d9cbb6e-8193-4f68-9a12-68023fb08b76 · inbound
Tunable Polariton Canalization in Natural van der Waals Oxide Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ec60a24e-74d7-4e74-97b1-30b847c8aa49 · inbound
Redefining Quality Criteria and Distance-Aware Score Modeling for Image Editing Assessment Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 9f461f28-d8ab-4545-aa65-8c2bdf23923c · inbound
Latent Denoising Improves Visual Alignment in Large Multimodal Models Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 89
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 22ae562d-48ec-48eb-afea-c7014e9d2bee · inbound
SenseBench: A Benchmark for Remote Sensing Low-Level Visual Perception and Description in Large Vision-Language Models Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 67
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation b9117017-b0a2-40a9-ba88-90dd802cf9e1 · inbound
iDiff: Interpretable Difference-aware Framework for Pairwise Image Quality Assessment Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 4453debe-d1a0-49c5-be45-61cf1088c75e · inbound
IQA-Spider: Unifying Multi-Granularity Image Quality Assessment with Reasoning, Grounding and Referring Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 6c30a29e-34e7-48dd-b8d4-e7facd2402ef · inbound
PointQ-Bench: Benchmarking Diagnostic and Interpretable Point Cloud Quality Assessment Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 47474e1b-89ee-4079-99a1-68f079ed7a45 · inbound
FakeVLM-R1: Internalizing Physical Laws via CoT for Synthetic Image Detection Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 55
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation d7035458-d686-4681-ae8a-07385f88b3a5 · inbound
SVGEval: A Vision-Grounded Framework for Perceptual-Quality Benchmarking and Evaluation in Text-to-SVG Generation Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation bfbf9656-f54f-4f03-831c-8e7da8597ad0 · inbound
LLMRouter: Unified Infrastructure for Developing, Evaluating, and Deploying LLM Routers Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 208
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c9d70d18-048d-489d-a0ec-1ae1ffde6630 · inbound
E$^3$mo-Bench: A Scalable Benchmark for Multimodal Evoked and Expressed Emotion Understanding via Bayesian Pairwise Alignment Q-Bench: A Benchmark for General-Purpose Foundation Models on Low-level Vision
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.