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Hydrogen-poor planetary nebulae
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abstract
Five planetary nebulae are known to show hydrogen-poor material near the central star. In the case of A58, this gas was ejected following a late thermal pulse similar to Sakurai's Object. In this paper I will review these five objects. One of them, IRAS 18333$-$2357, may not be a true PN. I will show that there is a strong case for a relation to the [WC] stars and their relatives, the weak emission-line stars. The surface abundances of the [WC] stars are explained via diffuse overshoot into the helium layer. The hydrogen-poor PNe do not support this: their abundances indicate a change of abundance with depth in the helium layer. A short-lived phase of very high mass loss, the r-AGB, is indicated. Sakurai's Object may be at the start of such a phase, and may evolve to very low stellar temperatures.
Forward citations
Cited by 2 Pith papers
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Infrared properties of Planetary Nebulae with PG1159 central stars
A systematic infrared analysis of PG1159 planetary nebulae finds cooler dust and lower dust masses than other hydrogen-poor nebulae and suggests an evolutionary sequence from [WRE] to PG1159 central stars based on H b...
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A primer on the formation and evolution of hydrogen deficient Central Stars of Planetary Nebul{\ae} and Related Objects
A review of the formation and evolution of hydrogen-deficient central stars of planetary nebulae, comparing late thermal pulse (born again) and binary merger channels.
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