Pith Number

pith:2IIWOO3X

pith:2026:2IIWOO3XIEIXC6OTGDW2JAW3AI

not attested not anchored not stored refs resolved

Observation of universal thermopolarization effect in insulators

Shuichi Iwakiri, Takao Mori, Yasumitsu Miyata

Temperature gradients generate electrical polarization in insulators through strain gradients and the flexoelectric effect.

arxiv:2605.17224 v1 · 2026-05-17 · cond-mat.mtrl-sci

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\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{2IIWOO3XIEIXC6OTGDW2JAW3AI}

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2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

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The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

Temperature gradients generate electrical polarization, namely thermopolarization, in a wide range of insulators through a thermomechanical pathway where thermal expansion produces strain gradients that induce polarization via the flexoelectric effect.

C2weakest assumption

The measured polarization arises predominantly from the flexoelectric response to thermally induced strain gradients rather than from pyroelectricity, contact potentials, or other experimental artifacts, and that the on-chip heater geometry isolates this contribution cleanly across the tested materials.

C3one line summary

Observation of thermopolarization in crystalline, polymeric, and amorphous insulators via thermomechanical strain-gradient flexoelectricity, with response scaling to thermal expansion coefficient and enhancements near phase transitions.

References

45 extracted · 45 resolved · 0 Pith anchors

[1] P. S. Mahapatra, B. Ghawri, M. Garg, S. Mandal, K. Watanabe, T. Taniguchi, M. Jain, S. Mukerjee, and A. Ghosh, Physical Review Letters125, 226802 (2020) 2020

[2] A. K. Paul, A. Ghosh, S. Chakraborty, and et al., Nature Physics18, 691 (2022) 2022

[3] J. Mravlje and A. Georges, Physical Review Letters117, 036401 (2016) 2016

[4] K. Behnia, D. Jaccard, and J. Flouquet, Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter16, 5187 (2004) 2004

[5] J. Liu and S. T. Pantelides, Physical Review Letters120, 207602 (2018) 2018

Formal links

2 machine-checked theorem links

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-20T00:03:46.115023Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

d211673b7741117179d330eda482db02026dfe63e52c5d4faabc640a9bbf5c64

Aliases

arxiv: 2605.17224 · arxiv_version: 2605.17224v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2605.17224 · pith_short_12: 2IIWOO3XIEIX · pith_short_16: 2IIWOO3XIEIXC6OT · pith_short_8: 2IIWOO3X

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/2IIWOO3XIEIXC6OTGDW2JAW3AI \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: d211673b7741117179d330eda482db02026dfe63e52c5d4faabc640a9bbf5c64

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "b2bbc5d4fde0540850b13900faf32919663bd50d76701b6325cedeb38792dfb8",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cond-mat.mtrl-sci",
    "submitted_at": "2026-05-17T02:10:02Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "fcfde5fa19c4d48184ba6b340b97efabda09bc7498775448c577f2eb25ded26c"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2605.17224",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}