Pith Number

pith:AZ5JIYVN

pith:2005:AZ5JIYVNM2SU3MEIJIOKCW5ZWU

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Hamilton's principle: why is the integrated difference of kinetic and potential energy minimized?

Alberto G. Rojo

arxiv:physics/0504016 v1 · 2005-04-02 · physics.ed-ph · physics.gen-ph

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{AZ5JIYVNM2SU3MEIJIOKCW5ZWU}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-18T01:05:08.525191Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

067a9462ad66a54db0884a1ca15bb9b5307206c1f8601c95db89fa805e65563b

Aliases

arxiv: physics/0504016 · arxiv_version: physics/0504016v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.physics/0504016 · pith_short_12: AZ5JIYVNM2SU · pith_short_16: AZ5JIYVNM2SU3MEI · pith_short_8: AZ5JIYVN

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/AZ5JIYVNM2SU3MEIJIOKCW5ZWU \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 067a9462ad66a54db0884a1ca15bb9b5307206c1f8601c95db89fa805e65563b

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "acdb61edd92517a1d299c5b2e2c56505d47f463bc19e8d32ed7ba9b10072ea8a",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "physics.gen-ph"
    ],
    "license": "",
    "primary_cat": "physics.ed-ph",
    "submitted_at": "2005-04-02T19:31:01Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "19b96b13c45bc9f6108053dadafbb42a31acab9c724598b798176dbbb99394fd"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "physics/0504016",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}