Pith Number

pith:IWXW2TNQ

pith:2026:IWXW2TNQULUF7EQSYR64GWRZGU

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Graph-Native Normalization

Johannes Schrott, Katja Hose, Maxime Jakubowski

Graph-native normalization reduces redundancies in labeled property graphs by defining functional dependencies across nodes, edges, and their combinations.

arxiv:2603.02995 v3 · 2026-03-03 · cs.DB

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Claims

C1strongest claim

We therefore propose graph-native normalization, which considers dependencies within nodes, edges, and their combination. We define a range of graph-native normal forms and graph object functional dependencies and propose algorithms for transforming graphs accordingly.

C2weakest assumption

That functional dependencies involving edges in real-world labeled property graphs can be identified and exploited in a manner directly analogous to relational functional dependencies, enabling effective normalization without introducing new inconsistencies.

C3one line summary

Graph-native normalization defines normal forms and algorithms for labeled property graphs using node, edge, and combined functional dependencies.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-06-08T01:05:09.406104Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

45af6d4db0a2e85f9212c47dc35a3935067c0d4652cff17de6d6c028a4940957

Aliases

arxiv: 2603.02995 · arxiv_version: 2603.02995v3 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2603.02995 · pith_short_12: IWXW2TNQULUF · pith_short_16: IWXW2TNQULUF7EQS · pith_short_8: IWXW2TNQ

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Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/IWXW2TNQULUF7EQSYR64GWRZGU \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 45af6d4db0a2e85f9212c47dc35a3935067c0d4652cff17de6d6c028a4940957

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "98d6875a8d9e6b3ae2a29d2761464f089331ba0e02dcfb03e9bd7c884fa3bbb0",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.DB",
    "submitted_at": "2026-03-03T13:46:50Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "b6bb454a480aaa1e7e93ba598b303bb2039193ab027431ce9bb18ad0822977df"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2603.02995",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 3
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}