Pith Number

pith:N3RKOZEL

pith:2018:N3RKOZELX5GQ2MEHGWFU6XW3AY

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Bernoulli Ballot Polling: A Manifest Improvement for Risk-Limiting Audits

J. Alex Halderman, Kellie Ottoboni, Matthew Bernhard, Philip B. Stark, Ronald L. Rivest

arxiv:1812.06361 v1 · 2018-12-15 · stat.AP

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{N3RKOZELX5GQ2MEHGWFU6XW3AY}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-17T23:58:10.436093Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

6ee2a7648bbf4d0d3087358b4f5edb0614c8495173841557299f11dea5447565

Aliases

arxiv: 1812.06361 · arxiv_version: 1812.06361v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.1812.06361 · pith_short_12: N3RKOZELX5GQ · pith_short_16: N3RKOZELX5GQ2MEH · pith_short_8: N3RKOZEL

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/N3RKOZELX5GQ2MEHGWFU6XW3AY \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 6ee2a7648bbf4d0d3087358b4f5edb0614c8495173841557299f11dea5447565

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "a9041c1d1c83180dce609f61ed0d14f94a4a44ce7a38a7b260639af48b84c9fe",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "stat.AP",
    "submitted_at": "2018-12-15T21:57:23Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "6e716658c9726d01f3f669fbb5889ed5a30dfb532f159cf9149682e1e631c015"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "1812.06361",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}