Pith Number

pith:OQFRFQ2Y

pith:2026:OQFRFQ2YSIBCFMC63ZCEI6JVEF

not attested not anchored not stored refs resolved

Evidence for deviation in gravitational light deflection from general relativity at cosmological scales with KiDS-Legacy and CMB lensing

Guo-Hong Du, Jing-Fei Zhang, Tian-Nuo Li, Tonghua Liu, Xin Zhang

KiDS-Legacy weak lensing combined with CMB data shows a 3-sigma deviation in gravitational light deflection from general relativity.

arxiv:2602.03110 v2 · 2026-02-03 · astro-ph.CO · gr-qc · hep-ph · hep-th

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\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{OQFRFQ2YSIBCFMC63ZCEI6JVEF}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

In the ΛCDM background, Σ0 = 0.149±0.051 deviates from GR at the 3.0σ level.

C2weakest assumption

The μ–Σ parameterization captures all relevant deviations from GR and that unaccounted systematics in the KiDS-Legacy or large-scale CMB lensing data do not produce the reported Σ0 offset.

C3one line summary

KiDS-Legacy weak lensing plus CMB data yields a 3 sigma deviation in light deflection from GR in a Lambda CDM background, with the signal driven by large-scale CMB lensing amplitudes.

References

144 extracted · 144 resolved · 54 Pith anchors

[1] A. Einstein, Sitzungsber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin (Math. Phys. )1915, 844 (1915) 1915

[2] Testing General Relativity with Present and Future Astrophysical Observations 2015 · arXiv:1501.07274

[3] The Confrontation between General Relativity and Experiment 2014 · arXiv:1403.7377

[4] G., et al., 1998, @doi [AJ] 10.1086/300499 , http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998AJ....116.1009R 116 1998 · arXiv:astro-ph/9805201

[5] Measurements of Omega and Lambda from 42 High-Redshift Supernovae 1999 · arXiv:astro-ph/9812133

Formal links

2 machine-checked theorem links

Cited by

1 paper in Pith

Measuring neutrino mass in light of ACT DR6 and DESI DR2

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-06-25T01:17:50.007294Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

740b12c358920222b05ede444479352159ca8dbc868331b43f7e4250eb960c81

Aliases

arxiv: 2602.03110 · arxiv_version: 2602.03110v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2602.03110 · pith_short_12: OQFRFQ2YSIBC · pith_short_16: OQFRFQ2YSIBCFMC6 · pith_short_8: OQFRFQ2Y

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/OQFRFQ2YSIBCFMC63ZCEI6JVEF \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 740b12c358920222b05ede444479352159ca8dbc868331b43f7e4250eb960c81

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "7184a4e9ef037159da39344421b420c0eae4e5e2ceb7df2bb58abbaa971f14ee",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "gr-qc",
      "hep-ph",
      "hep-th"
    ],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "astro-ph.CO",
    "submitted_at": "2026-02-03T05:11:50Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "bb8c67d6f80c987729b89aac48f9411713b593ed1669007f1f9c2b4e854c286e"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2602.03110",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}