Pith Number

pith:R7VOFMSI

pith:2026:R7VOFMSIN7D3IHQVJI4SWZXKSZ

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

DUET: Decentralized Bilevel Optimization without Lower-Level Strong Convexity

Jia Liu, Songtao Lu, Yingbin Liang, Zhen Qin, Zhuqing Liu

arxiv:2606.21153 v1 · 2026-06-19 · math.OC · cs.LG

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{R7VOFMSIN7D3IHQVJI4SWZXKSZ}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-06-23T01:12:31.734444Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

8feae2b2486fc7b41e154a392b66ea965d897da7b09d53539d345335d17fcb33

Aliases

arxiv: 2606.21153 · arxiv_version: 2606.21153v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2606.21153 · pith_short_12: R7VOFMSIN7D3 · pith_short_16: R7VOFMSIN7D3IHQV · pith_short_8: R7VOFMSI

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/R7VOFMSIN7D3IHQVJI4SWZXKSZ \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 8feae2b2486fc7b41e154a392b66ea965d897da7b09d53539d345335d17fcb33

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "8e09609a27c47dc21e82e4e70a27b2ce8c02518ce8166ab1d40fc01e5069c660",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.LG"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "math.OC",
    "submitted_at": "2026-06-19T06:45:13Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "39fe7b8b256ea832a4b844067404033f1d66de916a136a93e5409b0b4bd8fd53"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2606.21153",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}