Pith Number

pith:W2DFU7WA

pith:2015:W2DFU7WA3TW3NSNQZRVP4CUEKD

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

The Crisis Of Evidence: Why Probability And Statistics Cannot Discover Cause

William M. Briggs

arxiv:1507.07244 v2 · 2015-07-26 · stat.OT

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{W2DFU7WA3TW3NSNQZRVP4CUEKD}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-18T01:36:08.913945Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

b6865a7ec0dcedb6c9b0cc6afe0a8450d063bc9dda9bdb964b4dc1ed2570b10d

Aliases

arxiv: 1507.07244 · arxiv_version: 1507.07244v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.1507.07244 · pith_short_12: W2DFU7WA3TW3 · pith_short_16: W2DFU7WA3TW3NSNQ · pith_short_8: W2DFU7WA

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/W2DFU7WA3TW3NSNQZRVP4CUEKD \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: b6865a7ec0dcedb6c9b0cc6afe0a8450d063bc9dda9bdb964b4dc1ed2570b10d

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "93028ce0a6824bc07f776bc8e0186ffbc20448455f79205da376b4e067e7bb46",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "stat.OT",
    "submitted_at": "2015-07-26T20:11:24Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "bb240a309493ebd311d89f2698477e036657eaf06863fbb4118eabca95259476"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "1507.07244",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}