Galaxy cluster observations yield two preferred directions with cosmic anisotropy amplitude of about 5.3 times 10 to the minus 4 at roughly 1 sigma overall significance, though higher in the XMM-Newton subsample.
A tomographic test of cosmological principle using the JLA compilation of type Ia supernovae
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abstract
We test the cosmological principle by fitting a dipolar modulation of distance modulus and searching for an evolution of this modulation with respect to cosmological redshift. Based on a redshift tomographic method, we divide the Joint Light-curve Analysis compilation of supernovae of type Ia into different redshift bins, and employ a Markov-Chain Monte-Carlo method to infer the anisotropic amplitude and direction in each redshift bin. However, we do not find any significant deviations from the cosmological principle, and the anisotropic amplitude is stringently constrained to be less than a few thousandths at $95\%$ confidence level.
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Larger sample of 244 GRBs with Combo correlation shifts best-fit anisotropy longitude by 54° from Pantheon-only result and deviates >1σ in hemisphere method, unlike smaller A118 sample, indicating potential to reduce fake signals from inhomogeneous distributions.
Re-analysis of Pantheon+ supernovae finds no statistically compelling evidence for intrinsic cosmic anisotropy; reported signals are subsample-dependent and attributed to data distribution artifacts.
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New constraints on cosmic anisotropy from galaxy clusters using an improved dipole fitting method
Galaxy cluster observations yield two preferred directions with cosmic anisotropy amplitude of about 5.3 times 10 to the minus 4 at roughly 1 sigma overall significance, though higher in the XMM-Newton subsample.