The paper delivers the first comprehensive review and unified taxonomy of agentic AI in remote sensing, covering single-agent copilots, multi-agent systems, planning mechanisms, benchmarks, and a roadmap while noting limitations in grounding and safety.
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Imagebind-llm: Multi-modality instruction tun- ing
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PolyMATH is a new 5,000-image benchmark where top MLLMs reach at most 41 percent accuracy on multi-modal mathematical reasoning, with ablation showing minimal gain from text over images.
LLaVA-NeXT-Interleave unifies multi-image, video, and 3D capabilities in large multimodal models via a new 1.18M-sample interleaved dataset and benchmark, achieving leading results across those tasks while preserving single-image performance.
MathVerse is a benchmark that tests multi-modal LLMs on visual math by providing each problem in six versions with progressively less diagram and text information to measure true visual understanding.
LLaMA-Adapter turns frozen LLaMA 7B into a capable instruction follower using only 1.2M new parameters and zero-init attention, matching Alpaca while extending to image-conditioned reasoning on ScienceQA and COCO.
AV-LLMs hallucinate audio from visuals in egocentric videos, scoring only 27.3% accuracy on foreground sounds and 39.5% on background sounds in a 1000-question evaluation.
EmergentBridge enhances zero-shot cross-modal performance on unpaired modalities by learning noisy bridge anchors from existing alignments and enforcing proxy alignment only in the orthogonal subspace to avoid gradient interference.
Chat-Scene++ improves 3D scene understanding in multimodal LLMs by representing scenes as context-rich object sequences with identifier tokens and grounded chain-of-thought reasoning, reaching state-of-the-art on five benchmarks using pre-trained encoders.
Multi-SpatialMLLM integrates depth perception, visual correspondence, and dynamic perception into MLLMs via a 27M-sample MultiSPA dataset and benchmark, yielding gains on multi-frame spatial tasks.
Video-LLaVA creates a unified visual representation for images and videos via pre-projection alignment, enabling mutual enhancement from joint training and strong results on image and video benchmarks.
MME is a manually annotated benchmark evaluating MLLMs on perception and cognition across 14 subtasks to avoid data leakage and support fair model comparisons.
CodeBind uses a modality-shared-specific codebook and compositional vector quantization to decouple shared semantic features from modality-unique details, achieving state-of-the-art multimodal classification and retrieval across nine modalities without requiring fully paired data.
Efficient3D prunes visual tokens in 3D MLLMs via DVTIE and ATR modules, reporting better performance than unpruned baselines on Scan2Cap and other benchmarks.
The survey organizes causes of hallucinations in MLLMs, reviews evaluation benchmarks and metrics, and outlines mitigation approaches plus open questions.
SPHINX improves multi-modal LLMs through joint mixing of weights, tasks, and visual embeddings from varied sources to achieve stronger alignment and multi-purpose capabilities.
This survey reviews the definition, symptoms, evaluation benchmarks, root causes, and mitigation methods for hallucinations in large vision-language models.
This survey organizes the architectures, training strategies, data, evaluation methods, extensions, and challenges of Multimodal Large Language Models.
citing papers explorer
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Agentic AI in Remote Sensing: Foundations, Taxonomy, and Emerging Systems
The paper delivers the first comprehensive review and unified taxonomy of agentic AI in remote sensing, covering single-agent copilots, multi-agent systems, planning mechanisms, benchmarks, and a roadmap while noting limitations in grounding and safety.
-
Polymath: A Challenging Multi-modal Mathematical Reasoning Benchmark
PolyMATH is a new 5,000-image benchmark where top MLLMs reach at most 41 percent accuracy on multi-modal mathematical reasoning, with ablation showing minimal gain from text over images.
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LLaVA-NeXT-Interleave: Tackling Multi-image, Video, and 3D in Large Multimodal Models
LLaVA-NeXT-Interleave unifies multi-image, video, and 3D capabilities in large multimodal models via a new 1.18M-sample interleaved dataset and benchmark, achieving leading results across those tasks while preserving single-image performance.
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MathVerse: Does Your Multi-modal LLM Truly See the Diagrams in Visual Math Problems?
MathVerse is a benchmark that tests multi-modal LLMs on visual math by providing each problem in six versions with progressively less diagram and text information to measure true visual understanding.
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LLaMA-Adapter: Efficient Fine-tuning of Language Models with Zero-init Attention
LLaMA-Adapter turns frozen LLaMA 7B into a capable instruction follower using only 1.2M new parameters and zero-init attention, matching Alpaca while extending to image-conditioned reasoning on ScienceQA and COCO.
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Exploring Audio Hallucination in Egocentric Video Understanding
AV-LLMs hallucinate audio from visuals in egocentric videos, scoring only 27.3% accuracy on foreground sounds and 39.5% on background sounds in a 1000-question evaluation.
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EmergentBridge: Improving Zero-Shot Cross-Modal Transfer in Unified Multimodal Embedding Models
EmergentBridge enhances zero-shot cross-modal performance on unpaired modalities by learning noisy bridge anchors from existing alignments and enforcing proxy alignment only in the orthogonal subspace to avoid gradient interference.
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Chat-Scene++: Exploiting Context-Rich Object Identification for 3D LLM
Chat-Scene++ improves 3D scene understanding in multimodal LLMs by representing scenes as context-rich object sequences with identifier tokens and grounded chain-of-thought reasoning, reaching state-of-the-art on five benchmarks using pre-trained encoders.
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Multi-SpatialMLLM: Multi-Frame Spatial Understanding with Multi-Modal Large Language Models
Multi-SpatialMLLM integrates depth perception, visual correspondence, and dynamic perception into MLLMs via a 27M-sample MultiSPA dataset and benchmark, yielding gains on multi-frame spatial tasks.
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Video-LLaVA: Learning United Visual Representation by Alignment Before Projection
Video-LLaVA creates a unified visual representation for images and videos via pre-projection alignment, enabling mutual enhancement from joint training and strong results on image and video benchmarks.
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MME: A Comprehensive Evaluation Benchmark for Multimodal Large Language Models
MME is a manually annotated benchmark evaluating MLLMs on perception and cognition across 14 subtasks to avoid data leakage and support fair model comparisons.
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CodeBind: Decoupled Representation Learning for Multimodal Alignment with Unified Compositional Codebook
CodeBind uses a modality-shared-specific codebook and compositional vector quantization to decouple shared semantic features from modality-unique details, achieving state-of-the-art multimodal classification and retrieval across nine modalities without requiring fully paired data.
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Efficient3D: A Unified Framework for Adaptive and Debiased Token Reduction in 3D MLLMs
Efficient3D prunes visual tokens in 3D MLLMs via DVTIE and ATR modules, reporting better performance than unpruned baselines on Scan2Cap and other benchmarks.
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Hallucination of Multimodal Large Language Models: A Survey
The survey organizes causes of hallucinations in MLLMs, reviews evaluation benchmarks and metrics, and outlines mitigation approaches plus open questions.
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SPHINX: The Joint Mixing of Weights, Tasks, and Visual Embeddings for Multi-modal Large Language Models
SPHINX improves multi-modal LLMs through joint mixing of weights, tasks, and visual embeddings from varied sources to achieve stronger alignment and multi-purpose capabilities.
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A Survey on Hallucination in Large Vision-Language Models
This survey reviews the definition, symptoms, evaluation benchmarks, root causes, and mitigation methods for hallucinations in large vision-language models.
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A Survey on Multimodal Large Language Models
This survey organizes the architectures, training strategies, data, evaluation methods, extensions, and challenges of Multimodal Large Language Models.