Existence des diviseurs dicritiques, d'apr\`es S.S.Abhyankar

In geometric terms, given a singular foliation of the plane, a dicritical divisor is (whenever it exists) an irreducible component of the exceptional divisor which is transverse to the foliation. Abhyankar gave recently a definition of the dicritical divisors which generalize and algebraicize the geometrical definition in the local case and the polynomial case. Following his work, we give a geometrical interpretation of these dicritical divisors and new proofs of their existence.