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arxiv: 1901.04367 · v1 · submitted 2019-01-14 · 🌌 astro-ph.HE

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Deep observations of the globular cluster M15 with the MAGIC telescopes

MAGIC Collaboration: V. A. Acciari (1) , S. Ansoldi (2 , 20) , L. A. Antonelli (3) , A. Arbet Engels (4) , D. Baack (5) , A. Babi\'c (6) , B. Banerjee (7)
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U. Barres de Almeida (8) J. A. Barrio (9) J. Becerra Gonz\'alez (1) W. Bednarek (10) E. Bernardini (11 16 25) A. Berti (12 26) J. Besenrieder (13) W. Bhattacharyya (11) C. Bigongiari (3) A. Biland (4) O. Blanch (14) G. Bonnoli (15) G. Busetto (16) R. Carosi (17) G. Ceribella (13) S. Cikota (6) S. M. Colak (14) P. Colin (13) E. Colombo (1) J. L. Contreras (9) J. Cortina (14) S. Covino (3) V. D'Elia (3) P. Da Vela (17) F. Dazzi (3) A. De Angelis (16) B. De Lotto (2) M. Delfino (14 27) J. Delgado (14 F. Di Pierro (12) E. Do Souto Espi\~nera (14) A. Dom\'inguez (9) D. Dominis Prester (6) D. Dorner (18) M. Doro (16) S. Einecke (5) D. Elsaesser (5) V. Fallah Ramazani (19) A. Fattorini (5) A. Fern\'andez-Barral (16) G. Ferrara (3) D. Fidalgo (9) L. Foffano (16) M. V. Fonseca (9) L. Font (20) C. Fruck (13) D. Galindo (21) S. Gallozzi (3) R. J. Garc\'ia L\'opez (1) M. Garczarczyk (11) S. Gasparyan (22) M. Gaug (20) P. Giammaria (3) N. Godinovi\'c (6) D. Green (13) D. Guberman (14) D. Hadasch (23) A. Hahn (13) J. Herrera (1) J. Hoang (9) D. Hrupec (6) S. Inoue (23) K. Ishio (13) Y. Iwamura (23) H. Kubo (23) J. Kushida (23) D. Kuve\v{z}di\'c (6) A. Lamastra (3) D. Lelas (6) F. Leone (3) E. Lindfors (19) S. Lombardi (3) F. Longo (2 M. L\'opez (9) A. L\'opez-Oramas (1) B. Machado de Oliveira Fraga (8) C. Maggio (20) P. Majumdar (7) M. Makariev (24) M. Mallamaci (16) G. Maneva (24) M. Manganaro (6) K. Mannheim (18) L. Maraschi (3) M. Mariotti (16) M. Mart\'inez (14) S. Masuda (23) D. Mazin (13 M. Minev (24) J. M. Miranda (15) R. Mirzoyan (13) E. Molina (21) A. Moralejo (14) V. Moreno (20) E. Moretti (14) P. Munar-Adrover (20) V. Neustroev (19) A. Niedzwiecki (10) M. Nievas Rosillo (9) C. Nigro (11) K. Nilsson (19) D. Ninci (14) K. Nishijima (23) K. Noda (23) L. Nogu\'es (14) M. N\"othe (5) S. Paiano (16) J. Palacio (14) D. Paneque (13) R. Paoletti (15) J. M. Paredes (21) G. Pedaletti (11) P. Pe\~nil (9) M. Peresano (2) M. Persic (2 28) P. G. Prada Moroni (17) E. Prandini (16) I. Puljak (6) J. R. Garcia (13) W. Rhode (5) M. Rib\'o (21) J. Rico (14) C. Righi (3) A. Rugliancich (17) L. Saha (9) N. Sahakyan (22) T. Saito (23) K. Satalecka (11) T. Schweizer (13) J. Sitarek (10) I. \v{S}nidari\'c (6) D. Sobczynska (10) A. Somero (1) A. Stamerra (3) M. Strzys (13) T. Suri\'c (6) F. Tavecchio (3) P. Temnikov (24) T. Terzi\'c (6) M. Teshima (13 N. Torres-Alb\`a (21) S. Tsujimoto (23) J. van Scherpenberg (13) G. Vanzo (1) M. Vazquez Acosta (1) I. Vovk (13) M. Will (13) D. Zari\'c (6) ((1) Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias La Laguna (Tenerife) Spain (2) Universit\`a di Udine INFN Sezione di Trieste Italy Udine (3) INAF - National Institute for Astrophysics Roma (4) ETH Zurich Institute for Particle Physics Zurich Switzerland (5) Technische Universit\"at Dortmund Dortmund Germany (6) Croatian MAGIC Consortium: Rudjer Boskovic Institute University of Rijeka University of Split - FESB University of Zagreb-FER University of Osijek Split Croatia (7) Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics HBNI Kolkata India (8) Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas F\'isicas (CBPF) Rio de Janeiro Brasil (9) Unidad de Part\'iculas y Cosmolog\'ia (UPARCOS) Universidad Complutense E-28040 Madrid Madrid (10) Division of Astrophysics University of Lodz Lodz Poland (11) Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY) Zeuthen Zeuthen (12) INFN Consortium Rome (13) Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Physik M\"unchen (14) Institut de F\'isica d'Altes Energies (IFAE) The Barcelona Institute of Science Technology (BIST) E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) Bellaterra (Barcelona) (15) Dipartimento SFTA Sezione di Fisica Universit\`a di Siena INFN Sez. di Pisa Siena (16) Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia della Universit\`a sezione INFN Padova (17) Universita di Pisa INFN Pisa Pisa (18) Institut f\"ur Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik - Fakult\"at f\"ur Physik und Astronomie - Universit\"at W\"urzburg W\"urzburg (19) Finnish MAGIC Consortium: Tuorla Observatory Finnish Centre of Astronomy with ESO (FINCA) University of Turku FIN-20014 University of Turku Astronomy Division University of Oulu FIN-90014 University of Oulu Finland Turku (20) Universitat Aut\`onoma de Barcelona Barcelona (21) Universitat de Barcelona (22) The Armenian Consortium: ICRANet-Armenia at NAS RA A. Alikhanyan National Laboratory Yerevan Armenia (23) Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR The University of Tokyo 277-8582 Chiba Japan Department of Physics Kyoto University 606-8502 Kyoto Tokai University 259-1292 Kanagawa RIKEN 351-0198 Saitama Kyoto (24) Institute for Nuclear Research Nuclear Energy Sofia Bulgaria (25) Humboldt University of Berlin Institut f\"ur Physik D-12489 Berlin Germany (26) also at Dipartimento di Fisica Universit\`a di Trieste I-34127 Trieste (27) also at Port d'Informaci\'o Cient\'ifica (PIC) E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain (28) also at INAF-Trieste Dept. of Physics \& Astronomy University of Bologna)
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classification 🌌 astro-ph.HE
keywords leptonsmagnetospheresgammaglobularclusterinnermspsregions
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A population of globular clusters (GCs) has been recently established by the Fermi-LAT telescope as a new class of GeV $\gamma$-ray sources. Leptons accelerated to TeV energies, in the inner magnetospheres of MSPs or in their wind regions, should produce $\gamma$-rays through the inverse Compton scattering in the dense radiation field from the huge population of stars. We have conducted deep observations of the globular cluster M15 with the MAGIC telescopes and used 165 hrs in order to search for $\gamma$-ray emission. A strong upper limit on the TeV $\gamma$-ray flux $<3.2\times 10^{-13}\mathrm{cm^{-2}s^{-1}}$ above 300 GeV ($<0.26\%$ of the Crab nebula flux) has been obtained. We interpret this limit as a constraint on the efficiency of the acceleration of leptons in the magnetospheres of the MSPs. We constrain the injection rate of relativistic leptons, $\eta_{\rm e}$, from the MSPs magnetospheres and their surrounding. We conclude that $\eta_{\rm e}$ must be lower than expected from the modelling of high energy processes in MSP inner magnetospheres. For leptons accelerated with the power law spectrum in the MSP wind regions, $\eta_{\rm e}$ is constrained to be much lower than derived for the wind regions around classical pulsars. These constraints are valid for the expected range of magnetic field strengths within the GC and for the range of likely energies of leptons injected from the inner magnetospheres, provided that the leptons are not removed from the globular cluster very efficiently due to advection process. We discuss consequences of these constraints for the models of radiation processes around millisecond pulsars.

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