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arxiv: 2309.10813 · v1 · pith:TLP23MCHnew · submitted 2023-09-19 · 🌌 astro-ph.HE

First X-ray polarization measurement confirms the low black-hole spin in LMC X-3

Ji\v{r}\'i Svoboda , Michal Dov\v{c}iak , James F. Steiner , Fabio Muleri , Adam Ingram , Anastasiya Yilmaz , Nicole Rodriguez Cavero , Lorenzo Marra
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Juri Poutanen Alexandra Veledina Mehrnoosh Rahbardar Mojaver Stefano Bianchi Javier Garcia Philip Kaaret Henric Krawczynski Giorgio Matt Jakub Podgorn\'y Martin C. Weisskopf Fabian Kislat Pierre-Olivier Petrucci Maimouna Brigitte Michal Bursa Sergio Fabiani Kun Hu Sohee Chun Guglielmo Mastroserio Romana Miku\v{s}incov\'a Ajay Ratheesh Roger W. Romani Paolo Soffitta Francesco Ursini Silvia Zane Iv\'an Agudo Lucio A. Antonelli Matteo Bachetti Luca Baldini Wayne H. Baumgartner Ronaldo Bellazzini Stephen D. Bongiorno Raffaella Bonino Alessandro Brez Niccolo Bucciantini Fiamma Capitanio Simone Castellano Elisabetta Cavazzuti Chien-Ting Chen Stefano Ciprini Enrico Costa Alessandra De Rosa Ettore Del Monte Laura Di Gesu Niccolo Di Lalla Alessandro Di Marco Immacolata Donnarumma Victor Doroshenko Steven Ehlert Teruaki Enoto Yuri Evangelista Riccardo Ferrazzoli Shuichi Gunji Kiyoshi Hayashida Jeremy Heyl Wataru Iwakiri Svetlana G. Jorstad Vladim\'ir Karas Takao Kitaguchi Jeffery Kolodziejczak Fabio La Monaca Luca Latronico Ioannis Liodakis Simone Maldera Alberto Manfreda Fr\'ed\'eric Marin Andrea Marinucci Alan P. Marscher Herman L. Marshall Francesco Massaro Ikuyuki Mitsuishi Tsunefumi Mizuno Michela Negro C.-Y. Ng Stephen L. O'Dell Nicola Omodei Chiara Oppedisano Alessandro Papitto George Pavlov Abel Peirson Matteo Perri Melissa Pesce-Rollins Maura Pilia Andrea Possenti Simonetta Puccetti Brian D. Ramsey John Rankin Oliver Roberts Carmelo Sgro Patrick Slane Gloria Spandre Douglas A. Swartz Toru Tamagawa Fabrizio Tavecchio Roberto Taverna Yuzuru Tawara Allyn F. Tennant Nicholas E. Thomas Francesco Tombesi Alessio Trois Sergey S. Tsygankov Roberto Turolla Jacco Vink Kinwah Wu Fei Xie
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keywords x-raypolarizationblackspinblack-holeholeaccretinganalysis
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X-ray polarization is a powerful tool to investigate the geometry of accreting material around black holes, allowing independent measurements of the black hole spin and orientation of the innermost parts of the accretion disk. We perform the X-ray spectro-polarimetric analysis of an X-ray binary system in the Large Magellanic Cloud, LMC X-3, that hosts a stellar-mass black hole, known to be persistently accreting since its discovery. We report the first detection of the X-ray polarization in LMC X-3 with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer, and find the average polarization degree of 3.2% +- 0.6% and a constant polarization angle -42 deg +- 6 deg over the 2-8 keV range. Using accompanying spectroscopic observations by NICER, NuSTAR, and the Neil Gehrels Swift observatories, we confirm previous measurements of the black hole spin via the X-ray continuum method, a ~ 0.2. From polarization analysis only, we found consistent results with low black-hole spin, with an upper limit of a < 0.7 at a 90% confidence level. A slight increase of the polarization degree with energy, similar to other black-hole X-ray binaries in the soft state, is suggested from the data but with a low statistical significance.

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