Generalized Donaldson-Thomas invariants

This is a survey of the book arXiv:0810.5645 with Yinan Song. Let X be a Calabi-Yau 3-fold over C. The Donaldson-Thomas invariants of X are integers DT^a(t) which count stable sheaves with Chern character a on X, with respect to a Gieseker stability condition t. They are defined only for Chern characters a for which there are no strictly semistable sheaves on X. They have the good property that they are unchanged under deformations of X. Their behaviour under change of stability condition t was not understood until now. We discuss "generalized Donaldson-Thomas invariants" \bar{DT}^a(t). These are rational numbers, defined for all Chern characters a, and are equal to DT^a(t) if there are no strictly semistable sheaves in class a. They are deformation-invariant, and have a known transformation law under change of stability condition. We conjecture they can be written in terms of integral "BPS invariants" \hat{DT}^a(t) when the stability condition t is "generic". We extend the theory to abelian categories of representations of a quiver with relations coming from a superpotential, and connect our ideas with Szendroi's "noncommutative Donaldson-Thomas invariants" and work by Reineke and others. There is significant overlap between arXiv:0810.5645 and the independent paper arXiv:0811.2435 by Kontsevich and Soibelman.