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Metric Structure of the Space of Two-Qubit Gates, Perfect Entanglers and Quantum Control
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We derive expressions for the invariant length element and measure for the simple compact Lie group SU(4) in a coordinate system particularly suitable for treating entanglement in quantum information processing. Using this metric, we compute the invariant volume of the space of two-qubit perfect entanglers. We find that this volume corresponds to more than 84% of the total invariant volume of the space of two-qubit gates. This same metric is also used to determine the effective target sizes that selected gates will present in any quantum-control procedure designed to implement them.
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On the KAK Decomposition and Equivalence Classes
For SU(4), local equivalence classes under SU(2)⊗SU(2) multiplication are not geometrically represented by the Weyl chamber; that chamber appears only under projective-local equivalence that ignores global phases.
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