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SN~2012cg: Evidence for Interaction Between a Normal Type Ia Supernova and a Non-Degenerate Binary Companion

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arxiv 1507.07261 v3 pith:UHSYHNRB submitted 2015-07-26 astro-ph.SR astro-ph.HE

G. H. Marion , Peter J. Brown , Jozsef Vinkó , Jeffrey M. Silverman , David J. Sand , Peter Challis , Robert P. Kirshner , J. Craig Wheeler
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Perry Berlind Warren R. Brown Michael L. Calkins Yssavo Camacho Govinda Dhungana Ryan J. Foley Andrew S. Friedman Melissa L. Graham D. Andrew Howell Eric Y. Hsiao Jonathan M. Irwin Saurabh W. Jha Robert Kehoe Lucas M. Macri Keiichi Maeda Kaisey Mandel Curtis McCully Viraj Pandya Kenneth J. Rines Steven Wilhelmy Weikang Zheng
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abstract

We report evidence for excess blue light from the Type Ia supernova SN 2012cg at fifteen and sixteen days before maximum B-band brightness. The emission is consistent with predictions for the impact of the supernova on a non-degenerate binary companion. This is the first evidence for emission from a companion to a SN Ia. Sixteen days before maximum light, the B-V color of SN 2012cg is 0.2 mag bluer than for other normal SN~Ia. At later times, this supernova has a typical SN Ia light curve, with extinction-corrected M_B = -19.62 +/- 0.02 mag and Delta m_{15}(B) = 0.86 +/- 0.02. Our data set is extensive, with photometry in 7 filters from 5 independent sources. Early spectra also show the effects of blue light, and high-velocity features are observed at early times. Near maximum, the spectra are normal with a silicon velocity v_{Si} = -10,500$ km s^{-1}. Comparing the early data with models by Kasen (2010) favors a main-sequence companion of about 6 solar masses. It is possible that many other SN Ia have main-sequence companions that have eluded detection because the emission from the impact is fleeting and faint.

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Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. ZTF SN Ia DR2 follow-up: early excess in Type Ia supernova light curves

    astro-ph.CO 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Up to about a quarter of Type Ia supernovae may have an early light-curve bump, but the candidate list depends strongly on the detection method and neither leading explosion model is clearly preferred.

  2. Optical observations on the young Type Ia SN 2021fxy with detached high velocity features

    astro-ph.HE 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    In SN 2021fxy, the high-velocity Si II λ6355 absorption declines as roughly t^−0.1, much shallower than the t^−0.22 expected from standard outer ejecta, pointing to detached density structures.

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