Resonant Hamiltonian systems associated to the one-dimensional nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation with harmonic trapping

We study two resonant Hamiltonian systems on the phase space $L^2(\mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{C})$: the quintic one-dimensional continuous resonant equation, and a cubic resonant system that has appeared in the literature as a modified scattering limit for an NLS equation with cigar shaped trap. We prove that these systems approximate the dynamics of the quintic and cubic one-dimensional NLS with harmonic trapping in the small data regime on long times scales. We then pursue a thorough study of the dynamics of the resonant systems themselves. Our central finding is that these resonant equations fit into a larger class of Hamiltonian systems that have many striking dynamical features: non-trivial symmetries such as invariance under the Fourier transform and the flow of the linear Scr\"odinger equation with harmonic trapping, a robust wellposedness theory, including global wellposedness in $L^2$ and all higher $L^2$ Sobolev spaces, and an infinite family of orthogonal, explicit stationary wave solutions in the form of the Hermite functions.