Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

As of 16 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 0 of 0 outbound references and 30 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2102.13019.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2102.13019 v3

Coverage vector

measured 0 of 0 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 30 of 30 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00

measured 30 of 30 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T00:53:51.243936Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-07-03T21:28:58.031749Z

Reference resolution

0 of 0 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy0
unresolved0
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malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

No outbound reference observations are available for this paper version.

Pith citing papers

Observation 06f6e2d3-9e57-4c11-aede-d180ddc16cde · inbound

Train Short, Test Long: Attention with Linear Biases Enables Input Length Extrapolation cites this paper.

Train Short, Test Long: Attention with Linear Biases Enables Input Length Extrapolation Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 26

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-13T01:01:23.334749Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation e6a5448f-639c-442f-b41b-8eb67a48ee5f · inbound

PAL: Program-aided Language Models cites this paper.

PAL: Program-aided Language Models Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 28

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-15T05:02:50.324082Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation efcc52a1-63a1-4fb6-8cf7-19a34046c046 · inbound

Massive Activations in Large Language Models cites this paper.

Massive Activations in Large Language Models Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 66

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-16T07:02:53.903787Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation d753182a-b4ac-4f04-b5f4-d34d7daa84ac · inbound

Tokenisation is NP-Complete cites this paper.

Tokenisation is NP-Complete Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 2021

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T11:45:54.457024Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 077de084-1619-4ae7-8452-503e6f96fe03 · inbound

Argos: Agentic Time-Series Anomaly Detection with Autonomous Rule Generation via Large Language Models cites this paper.

Argos: Agentic Time-Series Anomaly Detection with Autonomous Rule Generation via Large Language Models Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T15:25:07.277129Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d2ea38c5-57e7-4f4e-92c5-b74c5eee311f · inbound

Decoding-based Regression cites this paper.

Decoding-based Regression Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T20:34:01.586400Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a45d7ff6-db78-4594-9319-49b2084fb564 · inbound

Learning Model Successors cites this paper.

Learning Model Successors Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 119

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T19:58:58.934021Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6a6dfbe8-7179-461e-8070-840d5ff2936a · inbound

FoNE: Precise Single-Token Number Embeddings via Fourier Features cites this paper.

FoNE: Precise Single-Token Number Embeddings via Fourier Features Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 30

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T03:12:28.762815Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 2ee572b6-2ca8-4352-a0da-68330e161b5f · inbound

Learning the symmetric group: large from small cites this paper.

Learning the symmetric group: large from small Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 14

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T02:52:26.946627Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 86ef0425-3bea-4f50-9b50-b2492147bd11 · inbound

Recursive Decomposition with Dependencies for Generic Divide-and-Conquer Reasoning cites this paper.

Recursive Decomposition with Dependencies for Generic Divide-and-Conquer Reasoning Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T00:53:51.243936Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation dbacfc98-69da-4b05-ac89-594e5b700859 · inbound

Is Random Attention Sufficient for Sequence Modeling? Disentangling Trainable Components in the Transformer cites this paper.

Is Random Attention Sufficient for Sequence Modeling? Disentangling Trainable Components in the Transformer Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:57:22.784025Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 65efd611-76cd-4376-9fbd-0125e9f514c9 · inbound

Non-Asymptotic Length Generalization cites this paper.

Non-Asymptotic Length Generalization Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 2021

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:16:49.682246Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e184c060-fab9-4353-b0bb-4d832a715958 · inbound

Long-Short Alignment for Effective Long-Context Modeling in LLMs cites this paper.

Long-Short Alignment for Effective Long-Context Modeling in LLMs Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:10:20.273388Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d4881de8-4fb8-4475-a557-2b411070490d · inbound

A Group Theoretic Analysis of the Symmetries Underlying Base Addition and Their Learnability by Neural Networks cites this paper.

A Group Theoretic Analysis of the Symmetries Underlying Base Addition and Their Learnability by Neural Networks Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T17:39:29.985556Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 414eea87-ec99-42cd-9efc-ef0ec1564d80 · inbound

ExploreGS: Explorable 3D Scene Reconstruction with Virtual Camera Samplings and Diffusion Priors cites this paper.

ExploreGS: Explorable 3D Scene Reconstruction with Virtual Camera Samplings and Diffusion Priors Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 62

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T23:01:47.429327Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 305636a6-342d-4b3f-a5fa-b8d7909f11a3 · inbound

Efficient numeracy in language models through single-token number embeddings cites this paper.

Efficient numeracy in language models through single-token number embeddings Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 15

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-21T21:10:38.580437Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 01861496-5766-42c5-92f7-e11143d9c358 · inbound

Contrastive Decoding Mitigates Score Range Bias in LLM-as-a-Judge cites this paper.

Contrastive Decoding Mitigates Score Range Bias in LLM-as-a-Judge Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 1

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-18T05:40:55.907792Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 510f681f-18de-436c-8104-e6d1c3a838af · inbound

The Effect of Scripts and Formats on LLM Numeracy cites this paper.

The Effect of Scripts and Formats on LLM Numeracy Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T08:58:50.555374Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 16baa333-0fb4-49a6-a005-7ddadc7370bf · inbound

Learning to Execute Graph Algorithms Exactly with Graph Neural Networks cites this paper.

Learning to Execute Graph Algorithms Exactly with Graph Neural Networks Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T06:26:57.317388Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 453ff8be-7ff0-48aa-927e-d6db72d3096a · inbound

Length Generalization Bounds for Transformers cites this paper.

Length Generalization Bounds for Transformers Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T23:51:27.559070Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 450cacae-757e-4d95-8a5b-10196d676113 · inbound

Generating Hadamard matrices with transformers cites this paper.

Generating Hadamard matrices with transformers Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 2

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T10:31:03.720058Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation fcd116ab-76ab-49c8-aa71-31febe0dae4f · inbound

Generating Hadamard matrices with transformers cites this paper.

Generating Hadamard matrices with transformers Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 2

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-12T06:21:24.721151Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 7347aea6-78de-43ad-9850-8d72ce919313 · inbound

The Long Delay to Arithmetic Generalization: When Learned Representations Outrun Behavior cites this paper.

The Long Delay to Arithmetic Generalization: When Learned Representations Outrun Behavior Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 20

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-14T21:17:58.826798Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation a0268ea3-3c42-4d19-80df-90115d22e4e3 · inbound

On the Creativity of AI Agents cites this paper.

On the Creativity of AI Agents Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 72

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T13:40:26.404699Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation b3ee2466-1e04-4f64-9593-62267f290722 · inbound

LinAlg-Bench: A Forensic Benchmark Revealing Structural Failure Modes in LLM Mathematical Reasoning cites this paper.

LinAlg-Bench: A Forensic Benchmark Revealing Structural Failure Modes in LLM Mathematical Reasoning Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 22

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-20T17:48:48.799126Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation d81f9e67-65a2-4be9-92f9-955bbf34b8a9 · inbound

Artificial Effort cites this paper.

Artificial Effort Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-12T19:34:03.845958Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b4ce9ecc-92ae-4d25-9942-2a614677658c · inbound

TabPrep: Closing the Feature Engineering Gap in Tabular Benchmarks cites this paper.

TabPrep: Closing the Feature Engineering Gap in Tabular Benchmarks Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 71

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-01T22:06:16.813182Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 4d1ee39b-4ad8-45da-af49-5ad3773e2f0a · inbound

How Should Transformers Encode Numeric Values in Electronic Health Records? cites this paper.

How Should Transformers Encode Numeric Values in Electronic Health Records? Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 30

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-03T21:28:58.033798Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

Observation 42e7eeb6-4f5c-4896-bd6e-c67c530b70b1 · inbound

Variable-length Gray codes for the Natural Numbers cites this paper.

Variable-length Gray codes for the Natural Numbers Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T21:26:21.803491Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c2972dbe-339a-4972-b7a5-f4677ee152aa · inbound

Numeracy in Large Language Models: Fundamental Limitations and Paths to Improvement cites this paper.

Numeracy in Large Language Models: Fundamental Limitations and Paths to Improvement Investigating the Limitations of Transformers with Simple Arithmetic Tasks

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T16:17:47.732766Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.