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Group equivariant neural posterior estimation

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arxiv 2111.13139 v2 pith:I5THGEPT submitted 2021-11-25 cs.LG astro-ph.IMgr-qcstat.ML

classification cs.LGastro-ph.IMgr-qcstat.ML
keywords equivariancesinferencegnpeneuralposteriorblackdataequivariant
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Simulation-based inference with conditional neural density estimators is a powerful approach to solving inverse problems in science. However, these methods typically treat the underlying forward model as a black box, with no way to exploit geometric properties such as equivariances. Equivariances are common in scientific models, however integrating them directly into expressive inference networks (such as normalizing flows) is not straightforward. We here describe an alternative method to incorporate equivariances under joint transformations of parameters and data. Our method -- called group equivariant neural posterior estimation (GNPE) -- is based on self-consistently standardizing the "pose" of the data while estimating the posterior over parameters. It is architecture-independent, and applies both to exact and approximate equivariances. As a real-world application, we use GNPE for amortized inference of astrophysical binary black hole systems from gravitational-wave observations. We show that GNPE achieves state-of-the-art accuracy while reducing inference times by three orders of magnitude.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Hierarchical Subtraction with Neural Density Estimators as a General Solution to Overlapping Gravitational Wave Signals

    gr-qc 2025-07 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    The paper introduces an iterative, ensemble-based hierarchical subtraction scheme powered by neural density estimators that recovers overlapping gravitational wave signals accurately and fast.

  2. Fast, accurate, and differentiable: a neural-network surrogate for NRSur7dq4 precessing binary black hole waveforms

    gr-qc 2026-07 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

    A piecewise MLP surrogate emulates NRSur7dq4 over its full domain at NR-faithful accuracy with ~1 ms GPU latency and a fully differentiable JAX likelihood pipeline.

  3. Flexible Gravitational-Wave Parameter Estimation with Transformers

    gr-qc 2025-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Dingo-T1 is one transformer model that adapts at inference to arbitrary detector subsets and frequency cuts for gravitational-wave parameter estimation.

  4. Discovering gravitational waveform distortions from lensing: A deep dive into GW231123

    gr-qc 2025-12 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    GW231123's apparent gravitational-lensing signal has a false-alarm probability around 4σ, so the event cannot be claimed as lensed under the two-image wave-optics model.

  5. Accelerated inference of microlensed gravitational waves with machine learning

    astro-ph.CO 2025-11 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A neural posterior estimator trained on wave-optics-microlensed gravitational-wave signals recovers source and lens parameters and Bayes factors consistent with Bilby, about 10 times faster.

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