Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Large Language Models Struggle to Learn Long-Tail Knowledge

As of 15 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 0 of 0 outbound references and 16 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2211.08411.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2211.08411 v2

Coverage vector

measured 0 of 0 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 16 of 16 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00

measured 16 of 16 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T19:20:55.732948Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Reference resolution

0 of 0 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy0
unresolved0
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

96
arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

No outbound reference observations are available for this paper version.

Pith citing papers

Observation eb3f261f-39d8-4a6b-b548-3c8512d81c6d · inbound

Pythia: A Suite for Analyzing Large Language Models Across Training and Scaling cites this paper.

Pythia: A Suite for Analyzing Large Language Models Across Training and Scaling Large Language Models Struggle to Learn Long-Tail Knowledge

Reference 197

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-15T17:45:17.931495Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation ba424888-5580-46bf-8b70-f2e585b9c019 · inbound

The False Promise of Imitating Proprietary LLMs cites this paper.

The False Promise of Imitating Proprietary LLMs Large Language Models Struggle to Learn Long-Tail Knowledge

Reference 143

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-18T06:54:31.476336Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation d59674d0-e163-406c-b6ed-5cf6abd8aa67 · inbound

Self-RAG: Learning to Retrieve, Generate, and Critique through Self-Reflection cites this paper.

Self-RAG: Learning to Retrieve, Generate, and Critique through Self-Reflection Large Language Models Struggle to Learn Long-Tail Knowledge

Reference 75

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-12T14:15:11.002234Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation b51fef49-47a3-4847-b4a8-52917a898310 · inbound

Self-RAG: Learning to Retrieve, Generate, and Critique through Self-Reflection cites this paper.

Self-RAG: Learning to Retrieve, Generate, and Critique through Self-Reflection Large Language Models Struggle to Learn Long-Tail Knowledge

Reference 90

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-12T14:15:11.093431Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation b733c93b-52bb-4490-8e67-aacc9ee93320 · inbound

Asking Again and Again: Exploring LLM Robustness to Repeated Questions cites this paper.

Asking Again and Again: Exploring LLM Robustness to Repeated Questions Large Language Models Struggle to Learn Long-Tail Knowledge

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T18:28:56.036504Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c8777d5e-4c65-4e21-81bf-9d5ca89cd093 · inbound

How Do Artificial Intelligences Think? The Three Mathematico-Cognitive Factors of Categorical Segmentation Operated by Synthetic Neurons cites this paper.

How Do Artificial Intelligences Think? The Three Mathematico-Cognitive Factors of Categorical Segmentation Operated by Synthetic Neurons Large Language Models Struggle to Learn Long-Tail Knowledge

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T00:50:28.360063Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3a4dab26-4154-445b-a2d8-e3c214dfc6e0 · inbound

Experiments with Large Language Models on Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Closed-Source Simulation Software cites this paper.

Experiments with Large Language Models on Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Closed-Source Simulation Software Large Language Models Struggle to Learn Long-Tail Knowledge

Reference 30

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T04:32:33.811490Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 483cc391-1e4c-443e-829f-8312d0130b67 · inbound

The Process of Categorical Clipping at the Core of the Genesis of Concepts in Synthetic Neural Cognition cites this paper.

The Process of Categorical Clipping at the Core of the Genesis of Concepts in Synthetic Neural Cognition Large Language Models Struggle to Learn Long-Tail Knowledge

Reference 66

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T17:37:45.803451Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9dd7bb08-7ee5-4e34-aeef-a4ad72d4df23 · inbound

From Data to Knowledge: Evaluating How Efficiently Language Models Learn Facts cites this paper.

From Data to Knowledge: Evaluating How Efficiently Language Models Learn Facts Large Language Models Struggle to Learn Long-Tail Knowledge

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T19:20:55.732948Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d8569696-e83c-4834-9a9a-3a19c09baf64 · inbound

Strategic Intelligence in Large Language Models: Evidence from evolutionary Game Theory cites this paper.

Strategic Intelligence in Large Language Models: Evidence from evolutionary Game Theory Large Language Models Struggle to Learn Long-Tail Knowledge

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T20:30:26.130944Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 733f2203-7747-4b55-bc59-110ab47346e1 · inbound

LinkQA: Synthesizing Diverse QA from Multiple Seeds Strongly Linked by Knowledge Points cites this paper.

LinkQA: Synthesizing Diverse QA from Multiple Seeds Strongly Linked by Knowledge Points Large Language Models Struggle to Learn Long-Tail Knowledge

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T05:48:26.674234Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8afe1dfe-87f6-4f42-9dfb-3ad04f07f255 · inbound

How Psychological Learning Paradigms Shaped and Constrained Artificial Intelligence cites this paper.

How Psychological Learning Paradigms Shaped and Constrained Artificial Intelligence Large Language Models Struggle to Learn Long-Tail Knowledge

Reference 45

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-15T09:19:54.541543Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation fec5129d-15b3-4a07-a58a-8872fbd8f85a · inbound

MeMo: Memory as a Model cites this paper.

MeMo: Memory as a Model Large Language Models Struggle to Learn Long-Tail Knowledge

Reference 10

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-15T03:19:43.422664Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation cb07395f-3cae-4326-bddc-65c605deb6d4 · inbound

MeMo: Memory as a Model cites this paper.

MeMo: Memory as a Model Large Language Models Struggle to Learn Long-Tail Knowledge

Reference 10

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-21T08:39:53.656378Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 0a1f40e2-dd73-4469-9bd1-6b9da1da5511 · inbound

Predictable Confabulations: Factual Recall by LLMs Scales with Model Size and Topic Frequency cites this paper.

Predictable Confabulations: Factual Recall by LLMs Scales with Model Size and Topic Frequency Large Language Models Struggle to Learn Long-Tail Knowledge

Reference 11

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-20T11:03:13.761819Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 9f756cd9-7bc9-4442-861a-d88571d78832 · inbound

Safety is Contextual, LLM-Judges Are Not: Navigating the Rigid Priors of Evaluators cites this paper.

Safety is Contextual, LLM-Judges Are Not: Navigating the Rigid Priors of Evaluators Large Language Models Struggle to Learn Long-Tail Knowledge

Reference 99

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-27T21:41:18.534970Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.