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Species Entropy and Thermodynamics

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arxiv 2305.10489 v3 pith:DDL67QBX submitted 2023-05-17 hep-th

Niccolò Cribiori , Dieter Lust , Carmine Montella This is my paper · ORCID
classification hep-th
keywords speciesentropythermodynamicsblackcertainholeparticlescale
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We analyse particle species and the species scale in quantum gravity from a thermodynamic perspective. In close analogy to black hole thermodynamics, we propose that particle species own an entropy and a temperature, which is determined by the species scale. This is identical to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of a corresponding minimal black hole and agrees with the number of species in a given tower of states. Through the species entropy, we find that certain entropy bounds are connected to recent swampland constraints. Moreover, the concept of species entropy and temperature allow us to formulate the laws of species thermodynamics, which are argued to govern the variations of moduli in string theory. They can be viewed as general rules that imply certain swampland conjectures, and vice versa.

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Cited by 13 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Black Hole Entropy, Quantum Corrections and EFT Transitions

    hep-th 2025-02 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Quantum corrections to BPS black hole entropy in 4d N=2 string compactifications can be resummed into a finite formula that interpolates between four- and five-dimensional EFT descriptions and matches exact 5d microst...

  2. The Double EFT Expansion in Quantum Gravity

    hep-th 2025-01 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Quantum gravity EFT actions organize higher-curvature corrections into a field-theoretic expansion suppressed by the lightest new mass and a quantum-gravitational expansion suppressed by the species scale.

  3. EFT & Species Scale: Friends or foes?

    hep-th 2025-01 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    A detailed one-loop derivation shows that the species scale can be computed consistently with infinite convergent towers of states, resolving an apparent tension between infinite towers and effective field theory.

  4. Kaluza-Klein tower thresholds and scheme dependence of the species scale

    hep-th 2026-07 accept novelty 6.5 of 10

    Leading KK-tower local corrections to four-derivative gravity are regulator-dependent EFT matching data, while log N terms are universal within proper-time cutoffs, so species-scale definitions match only parametrically.

  5. Moduli-Space Laplacians, Asymptotic Geometry, and the Emergent String Conjecture

    hep-th 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Under the Emergent String Conjecture, the logarithm of any principal tower mass has a moduli-space Laplacian eigenvalue quantized to N/(D-d) for KK towers and N/2 for string oscillators, equal to the instanton-weighte...

  6. Background instability of quintessence model in light of entropy and distance conjecture

    hep-th 2026-01 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    An entropy comparison shows quintessence backgrounds with a finite event horizon are unstable, equating the trans-Planckian censorship bound with a species-entropy growth condition.

  7. Inflationary Particle Production and the Swampland

    hep-th 2025-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Tower-induced corrections to inflationary observables scale as (H/Λsp)^{2+p} and are negligible whenever H≪Λsp.

  8. Classical Black Hole Probes of UV Scales

    hep-th 2025-02 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Minimal classical BPS black holes in string compactifications track the species or KK scale in infinite-distance limits, and violations may signal inconsistent EFTs.

  9. Relative Quantum Gravity: Localized Gravity and the Swampland

    hep-th 2025-01 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Localized gravity theories can violate swampland constraints, but satisfy them when defined relative to a higher-dimensional gravity completion, dubbed relative quantum gravity.

  10. Moduli Space Quantum Mechanics

    hep-th 2026-03 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Moduli-space geometry induces effective potentials that localize excited quantum wavefunctions in the bulk with positive energies, even for classically runaway potentials.

  11. Elementary considerations on possible entropy-driven cosmological evolutions

    gr-qc 2025-01 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    In the entropy-modified Friedmann framework, sustained growth of the entropy source (ḟ/f > 0) makes the universe converge to an effective de Sitter state with density (ḟ/f)²/K², and current data bound the required sou...

  12. Breaking Free from the Swampland of Impossible Universes through the DESI Portal

    astro-ph.CO 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 3.0 of 10

    DESI data indicating evolving dark energy may allow string theory to describe observed universes without violating swampland constraints on constant dark energy.

  13. A short overview on the Black Hole-Tower Correspondence and Species Thermodynamics

    hep-th 2025-06 conditional novelty 2.0 of 10

    A review of the black hole-tower correspondence and species thermodynamics, which aim to explain black hole entropy via towers of light states and to show only certain towers are allowed.

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