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Koopman Embedding and Super-Linearization Counterexamples with Isolated Equilibria

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arxiv 2306.15126 v2 pith:LUXWBX45 submitted 2023-06-27 math.DS

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keywords claimdynamicalembeddingequilibriaisolatedkoopmansmoothsystem
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abstract

A frequently repeated claim in the "applied Koopman operator theory'' literature is that a dynamical system with multiple isolated equilibria cannot be linearized in the sense of admitting a smooth embedding as an invariant submanifold of a linear dynamical system. This claim is sometimes made only for the class of super-linearizations, which additionally require that the embedding "contain the state''. We show that both versions of this claim are false by constructing (super-)linearizable smooth dynamical systems on $\mathbb{R}^k$ having any countable (finite) number of isolated equilibria for each $k>1$.

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Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Global linearization of asymptotically stable systems without hyperbolicity

    math.DS 2025-02 accept novelty 8.0 of 10

    Asymptotically stable nonlinear systems admit global linearizing coordinates, smoothly off the equilibrium in every dimension except 5, where existence is equivalent to the smooth 4D Poincaré conjecture.

  2. Data-Driven Model Identification Using Time Delayed Nonlinear Maps for Systems with Multiple Attractors

    math.DS 2024-11 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A hybrid of extended and higher-order dynamic mode decomposition, trained with trajectories from every basin of attraction, can identify nonlinear systems with multiple attractors and approximate boundaries between them.

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