Is It a Free Lunch for Removing Outliers during Pretraining?

With the growing size of large language models, the role of quantization becomes increasingly significant. However, outliers present in weights or activations notably influence the performance of quantized models. Recently, \citet{qtransformer} introduced a novel softmax function aimed at pretraining models in an outlier-free manner, thereby enhancing their suitability for quantization. Interestingly, we observed that such an approach leads to performance degradation in full precision. Building on this insight, we enhance the method by ensuring its normalization is invariant to sequence length, a crucial factor for bridging the gap between pretraining and fine-tuning. Moreover, this improved method also facilitates successful pretraining of causal language models.