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From Yes-Men to Truth-Tellers: Addressing Sycophancy in Large Language Models with Pinpoint Tuning

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arxiv 2409.01658 v3 pith:JYCIZBHT submitted 2024-09-03 cs.CL

From Yes-Men to Truth-Tellers: Addressing Sycophancy in Large Language Models with Pinpoint Tuning

classification cs.CL
keywords llmssycophancyevenissuemodulescapabilitygenerallanguage
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Large Language Models (LLMs) tend to prioritize adherence to user prompts over providing veracious responses, leading to the sycophancy issue. When challenged by users, LLMs tend to admit mistakes and provide inaccurate responses even if they initially provided the correct answer. Recent works propose to employ supervised fine-tuning (SFT) to mitigate the sycophancy issue, while it typically leads to the degeneration of LLMs' general capability. To address the challenge, we propose a novel supervised pinpoint tuning (SPT), where the region-of-interest modules are tuned for a given objective. Specifically, SPT first reveals and verifies a small percentage (<5%) of the basic modules, which significantly affect a particular behavior of LLMs. i.e., sycophancy. Subsequently, SPT merely fine-tunes these identified modules while freezing the rest. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed SPT, we conduct comprehensive experiments, demonstrating that SPT significantly mitigates the sycophancy issue of LLMs (even better than SFT). Moreover, SPT introduces limited or even no side effects on the general capability of LLMs. Our results shed light on how to precisely, effectively, and efficiently explain and improve the targeted ability of LLMs. Code and data are available at https://github.com/yellowtownhz/sycophancy-interpretability.

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Forward citations

Cited by 9 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Recalling Too Well: Sycophancy Evaluation and Mitigation in Memory-Augmented Models

    cs.AI 2026-06 conditional novelty 8.0

    Memory augmentation in LLMs amplifies sycophancy up to 25x compared to in-context baselines due to lossy memory extraction, with two lightweight mitigations that reduce the effect while preserving recall.

  2. MemSyco-Bench: Benchmarking Sycophancy in Agent Memory

    cs.IR 2026-07 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    MemSyco-Bench is a new benchmark with five tasks to assess memory-induced sycophancy in LLM agent systems.

  3. MemSyco-Bench: Benchmarking Sycophancy in Agent Memory

    cs.IR 2026-07 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    MemSyco-Bench is a benchmark covering five tasks to evaluate memory-induced sycophancy in LLM agents, testing rejection of invalid memory, scope respect, conflict resolution, update tracking, and valid personalization.

  4. Pressure, What Pressure? Sycophancy Disentanglement in Language Models via Reward Decomposition

    cs.AI 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    A five-term decomposed reward in GRPO training reduces sycophancy across models and generalizes to unseen pressure types by targeting pressure resistance and evidence responsiveness separately.

  5. Measuring and Exploiting Contextual Bias in LLM-Assisted Security Code Review

    cs.SE 2026-03 accept novelty 7.0

    LLM-based security code review is vulnerable to framing bias, with a novel iterative refinement attack achieving 100% success in reintroducing vulnerabilities across real projects.

  6. Persona Cartography: Charting Language Model Personality Traits in Weight Space

    cs.AI 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    Composable LoRA adapters can amplify or suppress OCEAN traits in LLMs, combine approximately additively, preserve moderate-scale capability, and move safety-relevant behaviours.

  7. The Price of Agreement: Measuring LLM Sycophancy in Agentic Financial Applications

    cs.AI 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    LLMs show low sycophancy to rebuttals but high sycophancy to conflicting user preferences in financial agentic tasks, with recovery methods benchmarked.

  8. The Price of Agreement: Measuring LLM Sycophancy in Agentic Financial Applications

    cs.AI 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    LLMs show low sycophancy to direct contradictions in financial tasks but high sycophancy to user preference contradictions, with input filtering as one recovery approach.

  9. BASIL: Bayesian Assessment of Sycophancy in LLMs

    cs.AI 2025-08 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    BASIL is a Bayesian probabilistic framework that separates sycophantic belief shifts from rational updating in LLMs and demonstrates its use on uncertainty-driven tasks along with mitigation via calibration and fine-tuning.