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The Multimodal Universe: Enabling Large-Scale Machine Learning with 100TB of Astronomical Scientific Data

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arxiv 2412.02527 v1 pith:M72Q2VSO submitted 2024-12-03 astro-ph.IM astro-ph.GAastro-ph.SR

classification astro-ph.IMastro-ph.GAastro-ph.SR
keywords multimodalscientificuniverseastronomicaldatalearningmachinedataset
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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We present the MULTIMODAL UNIVERSE, a large-scale multimodal dataset of scientific astronomical data, compiled specifically to facilitate machine learning research. Overall, the MULTIMODAL UNIVERSE contains hundreds of millions of astronomical observations, constituting 100\,TB of multi-channel and hyper-spectral images, spectra, multivariate time series, as well as a wide variety of associated scientific measurements and "metadata". In addition, we include a range of benchmark tasks representative of standard practices for machine learning methods in astrophysics. This massive dataset will enable the development of large multi-modal models specifically targeted towards scientific applications. All codes used to compile the MULTIMODAL UNIVERSE and a description of how to access the data is available at https://github.com/MultimodalUniverse/MultimodalUniverse

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Learning What's Real: Disentangling Signal and Measurement Artifacts in Multi-Sensor Data, with Applications to Astrophysics

    astro-ph.IM 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    Overlapping multi-instrument galaxy images plus dual encoders and flow-matching counterfactual generation yield physics latents unconfounded by sensor artifacts.

  2. A Multimodal Approach to Star--Galaxy Separation using SPHEREx Spectrophotometry and DESI Legacy Survey Imaging

    astro-ph.CO 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Contrastive alignment of SPHEREx spectra with DESI Legacy images improves star-galaxy separation, lifting image-only stellar purity from 76% to 93% and forecasting sub-percent SPHEREx contamination at p>0.7.

  3. Causal Foundation Models: Disentangling Physics from Instrument Properties

    cs.LG 2025-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A dual-encoder contrastive model trained on star-instrument triplets learns separate stellar and instrumental latent spaces, improving few-shot prediction of stellar parameters in simulated TESS-like light curves.

  4. From stellar light to astrophysical insight: automating variable star research with machine learning

    astro-ph.IM 2025-07 unverdicted

    An invited review of machine learning for automated variable star research, covering data cleaning, variability classification, stellar parameter inference, and foundation models.

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