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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers

As of 13 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 17 of 17 outbound references and 6 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2412.03123.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2412.03123 v2

Coverage vector

measured 17 of 17 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.698783Z

measured 23 of 23 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00

measured 6 of 6 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-02T13:13:37.853192Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-06-29T21:53:59.607481Z

Reference resolution

17 of 17 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact0
  • verified fuzzy3
  • unresolved14
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation ae8278c1-d420-4062-961e-fc13c015240f · outbound

This paper cites and Fritz, M.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers and Fritz, M

Reference 1

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T22:50:00.160553Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.394766Z digest=sha256:a107da4e75e847c4a3861ec6c724371206ebd6c380069b7061eb0e0ecf9cd253

Observation 2c36febd-9f1d-4d95-bedd-f55d32c519c7 · outbound

This paper cites Way Off-Policy Batch Deep Reinforcement Learning of Implicit Human Preferences in Dialog.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers Way Off-Policy Batch Deep Reinforcement Learning of Implicit Human Preferences in Dialog

Reference 5

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.484902Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.484902Z digest=sha256:318ccf750db6ab18a7ca337f54df681429ae5d33f936bc6e68c2761a087cfca2

Observation af5e5610-e7fa-460c-8c22-dd26c8fb313c · outbound

This paper cites When it comes to fantasy sports and betting on NASCAR races, there’s nothing wrong with it,.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers When it comes to fantasy sports and betting on NASCAR races, there’s nothing wrong with it,

Reference 6

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T22:50:00.067990Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.698783Z digest=sha256:e8ce369f0182329fb8b46680913d6356b15c3b7d486cc3f9b128eb5d1383ede2

Observation d02a5c19-3405-4208-998b-3e6aa198cf57 · outbound

This paper cites Robust Distortion-free Watermarks for Language Models.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers Robust Distortion-free Watermarks for Language Models

Reference 7

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.547068Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.547068Z digest=sha256:b5aecedf18151561409d7969cfba547124b159f5fb3fcc055b44d50db3a5cb70

Observation 1dae55d9-880f-4e53-9a28-23b9c51a5205 · outbound

This paper cites Waterfall: Framework for Robust and Scalable Text Watermarking and Provenance for LLMs.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers Waterfall: Framework for Robust and Scalable Text Watermarking and Provenance for LLMs

Reference 8

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.584755Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.584755Z digest=sha256:9922c738883574e1c8b970c7906b0b260af402e6d117099dbcd89cff7f4b5fc4

Observation db3b9b8d-12db-4643-a93d-cea1680c2e12 · outbound

This paper cites A Semantic Invariant Robust Watermark for Large Language Models.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers A Semantic Invariant Robust Watermark for Large Language Models

Reference 9

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.596127Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.596127Z digest=sha256:50fcbe14bd71287419e1c316efa9598e75e4a073b144bc04992236517a7dcc25

Observation ba113c13-9d02-448d-891b-c2f0fb450191 · outbound

This paper cites Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space

Reference 10

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.617418Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.617418Z digest=sha256:4455a7c372d3b09521031e99da735adfc07b399a998c0286f37787b2b14b9db0

Observation 31141577-d807-4d49-b190-469dcb81e9e8 · outbound

This paper cites The FineWeb Datasets: Decanting the Web for the Finest Text Data at Scale.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers The FineWeb Datasets: Decanting the Web for the Finest Text Data at Scale

Reference 11

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.623476Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.623476Z digest=sha256:899d0212c84cab61185f798a05694c029cd4862231749f1d0ece4c1a800fdaf4

Observation 12f4aabd-eaa8-47d2-9b02-b4b5b0b8c8e5 · outbound

This paper cites Robust multi- bit natural language watermarking through invariant fea- tures.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers Robust multi- bit natural language watermarking through invariant fea- tures

Reference 14

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T22:50:00.099612Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.669946Z digest=sha256:b06bee350fd2073d163052d3104ccdd188e94f8afecc1fdeafe50e491d7ad058

Observation 10bac430-fcbe-4908-95cb-b6882b5e05b9 · outbound

This paper cites Provable Robust Watermarking for AI-Generated Text.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers Provable Robust Watermarking for AI-Generated Text

Reference 15

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.677860Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.677860Z digest=sha256:f5fdea90ed12dc506337f70c82cc024c72b0e87ba5e6754bf26196baa2c7fcc1

Observation b1fc436f-45a3-4326-9d96-112843a293b9 · outbound

This paper cites Secrets of RLHF in Large Language Models Part I: PPO.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers Secrets of RLHF in Large Language Models Part I: PPO

Reference 16

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.689410Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.689410Z digest=sha256:7a413140ac96ec8e8cdf14029ef9c2308f34cf295f2f20313303931d18d0fc26

Observation 49eac86d-bb0f-4bfd-a026-dcc8eae0ce07 · outbound

This paper cites Learning to Watermark LLM-generated Text via Reinforcement Learning.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers Learning to Watermark LLM-generated Text via Reinforcement Learning

Reference 2018

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.654759Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.654759Z digest=sha256:164d141fab22152922f313bc464eace6099203080a0f76eac41575096f860e2f

Observation 59280202-38f0-494f-b3db-ed4b0f5e2bdb · outbound

This paper cites PKU-SafeRLHF: Towards Multi-Level Safety Alignment for LLMs with Human Preference.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers PKU-SafeRLHF: Towards Multi-Level Safety Alignment for LLMs with Human Preference

Reference 2019

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.514761Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.514761Z digest=sha256:201ed8368504e1af21c9585fd5768949b6b14714ab132bc49011174dcad7abc9

Observation f6d9f1ea-bbd2-4db7-ac11-9841551e1a24 · outbound

This paper cites Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithms.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithms

Reference 2020

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.637303Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.637303Z digest=sha256:ae5b1eb7cfc58c8eeefcf2b77c36d06c9efdb7e33fd6cf72d9fd89b9554c36aa

Observation 2495e802-099b-4b7e-a5a9-677a6298f694 · outbound

This paper cites Training a Helpful and Harmless Assistant with Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers Training a Helpful and Harmless Assistant with Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback

Reference 2021

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.402891Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.402891Z digest=sha256:69b4442c82a4524e7338359596456df49b3b0c7324c154f6e98e8e1a1db0ed1f

Observation c3874119-0cb9-47d2-8b0d-1ea517f98853 · outbound

This paper cites SemStamp: A Semantic Watermark with Paraphrastic Robustness for Text Generation.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers SemStamp: A Semantic Watermark with Paraphrastic Robustness for Text Generation

Reference 2023

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.475949Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.475949Z digest=sha256:651c429bb2c995138dd7d0dab8b7f2574aaf0fbe3143936e77baa69e9fd3a361

Observation 7ef818bd-c654-4d9d-ad78-377b720e1d76 · outbound

This paper cites On the Learnability of Watermarks for Language Models.

Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers On the Learnability of Watermarks for Language Models

Reference 2024

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T22:49:58.426740Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T22:49:58.426740Z digest=sha256:1b25c1547f62d673490a1e9785e0f5def5f64a8986e77bd2d17d65f1a7b2446a

Pith citing papers

Observation ce9b2707-e054-4dcf-a6b6-c5916a484802 · inbound

Copyright Protection for Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Challenges, and Trends cites this paper.

Copyright Protection for Large Language Models: A Survey of Methods, Challenges, and Trends Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers

Reference 158

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-18T22:46:53.062491Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-18T22:45:31.935618Z digest=sha256:ddd94be4b7c6e0e3b09ace791bcb292a2b430d1509c950d3e9b77a67d5617c10

Observation 75baa02e-129e-4519-a5b5-399f020e9794 · inbound

Fundamental Trade-Offs in Multi-Bit Watermarking of Stochastic Processes cites this paper.

Fundamental Trade-Offs in Multi-Bit Watermarking of Stochastic Processes Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers

Reference 51

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-12T07:51:48.842752Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-12T01:32:57.175350Z digest=sha256:158e7382d0303271533f8951bbf2778854ca19b3eac569fad2610e30bc6c205e

Observation bee16832-4117-41a8-b1d4-f2d6e650b0b7 · inbound

TextSeal: A Localized LLM Watermark for Provenance & Distillation Protection cites this paper.

TextSeal: A Localized LLM Watermark for Provenance & Distillation Protection Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers

Reference 27

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-13T03:47:12.013380Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T03:45:47.751525Z digest=sha256:aa8ea85e72fe0c43205e1aee1045abdd11c9007e749befd2c4b5524c81797da2

Observation 52409daf-0e7a-4fb9-858c-f7cb39f14e74 · inbound

TextSeal: A Localized LLM Watermark for Provenance & Distillation Protection cites this paper.

TextSeal: A Localized LLM Watermark for Provenance & Distillation Protection Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers

Reference 27

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-22T10:01:23.696332Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-22T09:56:23.855385Z digest=sha256:bea42645993970799ac82da67a1ddda38dc5ed4a6e042bdaaaa6d87329bf8d49

Observation 8d52f229-6bed-4eeb-92b8-3bbd0dd5fdd1 · inbound

SAMark: A Self-Anchored Text Watermarking with Paragraph-Level Paraphrase Robustness cites this paper.

SAMark: A Self-Anchored Text Watermarking with Paragraph-Level Paraphrase Robustness Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers

Reference 31

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-29T21:53:59.609097Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-06-29T21:46:56.921674Z digest=sha256:78c74b28b08399fd4f734160721ddccdb2bed3894c7dafc2163b19fc2280864d

Observation 10a71602-847d-4f89-abe9-a0a5425255fe · inbound

SAMark: A Self-Anchored Text Watermarking with Paragraph-Level Paraphrase Robustness cites this paper.

SAMark: A Self-Anchored Text Watermarking with Paragraph-Level Paraphrase Robustness Robust Multi-bit Text Watermark with LLM-based Paraphrasers

Reference 31

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T13:13:37.853192Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T13:13:37.853192Z digest=sha256:1172644e5098ff4ebbcf38d229d128f2d84da5884393350ddc1e29b560724f88