Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T00:18:57.358405Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 15 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 56 of 56 outbound references and 6 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2412.19512.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T00:18:57.358405Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T18:13:58.102071Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-07-02T03:36:29.112684Z
56 of 56 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation a6669de0-a725-4743-a029-6803a7165005 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging online" 'onlinestring :=
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation eff4584b-fb71-4a75-87c0-7a33d8a563ba · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging write newline
Reference 2
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fd74db37-d909-4e67-a576-14baf081bd41 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a9fff2d4-892d-4ed9-b1fc-db6fdb6b9aa2 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 4
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d1c1f9df-884a-442c-8223-47ad7581154c · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Code
Reference 5
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation aa1a49bf-99f8-4cf3-99ac-3613d52e8694 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 6
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 46844b93-c05e-4121-b95d-3a4250687f92 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7ac79489-bae2-49cc-9477-cd529f0b5bcb · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation cae8a1d2-304d-4acb-b7f7-25bfa1eb1af1 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 3224d235-ae87-4a65-957a-f446bdb2be20 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 10
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fe2aa376-a3e4-40eb-b479-9f56327725cc · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging The Llama 3 Herd of Models
Reference 11
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Observation 96b2dc93-a2e4-4d51-945b-a088af357675 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation f8e894bb-8996-453e-8c01-9002a2647b6b · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation d0c08b9f-7102-40a9-b1ad-93f379aebd8c · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 258fefcc-76a3-4216-94c6-8a8215d953a1 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 15
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 5c9ed235-0a5d-42ec-83ef-7a73376fd0f3 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Chat Vector: A Simple Approach to Equip LLMs with Instruction Following and Model Alignment in New Languages
Reference 16
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 982c9dc8-f229-41ca-8820-09e2b13a778a · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Antidote: Post-fine-tuning Safety Alignment for Large Language Models against Harmful Fine-tuning
Reference 17
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 41d6838b-9387-45cc-b4ba-cc466bfa30ad · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 50db6f75-8f39-4688-a67b-30753377b358 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 96d250f9-95a3-42ae-a3c0-e72b4c87cdd2 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging A Survey of Safety and Trustworthiness of Large Language Models through the Lens of Verification and Validation
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 16e38055-cd88-4328-8d68-248f18ca3c5f · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 21
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 604cd0c9-c35e-4614-bf54-c03176f45daf · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Rusu, Kieran Milan, John Quan, Tiago Ramalho, Agnieszka Grabska-Barwinska, Demis Hassabis, Claudia Clopath, Dharshan Kumaran, and Raia Hadsell
Reference 22
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 88e80cff-7404-4b57-90c9-178343271d6e · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Gonzalez, Hao Zhang, and Ion Stoica
Reference 23
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Observation 14dfb17d-7526-4be4-bafc-e6ba73337cc6 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Examining Forgetting in Continual Pre-training of Aligned Large Language Models
Reference 24
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d7cff0f7-6ccc-4234-81d3-9d7bfc077e11 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging ChatDoctor: A Medical Chat Model Fine-Tuned on a Large Language Model Meta-AI (LLaMA) Using Medical Domain Knowledge
Reference 25
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fbdd40e1-0b7a-46ae-a92c-0a627d582fca · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 0da4e2f5-7d8a-4b6f-be4b-c036700f19b9 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging The Flan Collection: Designing Data and Methods for Effective Instruction Tuning
Reference 27
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e2f2cebc-1786-4481-807a-a1fc31eef8a1 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 28
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 37e8b2ae-a17b-47b6-a3c8-faffc56c6b8a · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging An Empirical Study of Catastrophic Forgetting in Large Language Models During Continual Fine-tuning
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c45399fd-ffbc-430f-98fa-da9585ea3673 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Steering Language Model Refusal with Sparse Autoencoders
Reference 30
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b28e9ca3-9dd2-49dc-9650-ab4e13fa51d9 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging GPT-4 Technical Report
Reference 31
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9d427485-1f16-4aff-a2bb-16bc870c7513 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback
Reference 32
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 606fa7c1-b3ea-4a90-9312-691bac18423c · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Patil, Tianjun Zhang, Xin Wang, and Joseph E
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 6984abc4-3de2-4ea2-823c-c29bbb092ddd · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 34
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a0c154c0-40e2-4d93-92a5-63313287e8af · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 35
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Observation f83f2ac8-decf-4b56-859e-7f72e3acb095 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 36
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4ea73843-acfd-4c78-b012-0d165824a4a5 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 506734e3-029b-4625-a317-972082c5716b · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 38
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation cc1abd00-ea36-460c-a646-8c251f96686d · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Gemma: Open Models Based on Gemini Research and Technology
Reference 39
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 81be9f56-6b6c-4385-9e26-8994908544d3 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 40
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 65cc7a7f-dc18-481b-84cf-56f7ade16304 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 9cd53d52-179c-4626-82ca-07d4772ebfb2 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation ba9c54d4-2cf8-44dc-bb73-b9c9728300e1 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 1195a6c3-ca05-48a1-ab0c-9b7398401691 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 37371682-f637-4edd-a981-9cf9a3da808e · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation c474736d-c6f6-40d5-8094-baa91145fd97 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 660f0cb2-37c9-4e4c-9e76-4badd7e039d7 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 47
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 303e0b88-975d-4769-a3c8-8d356b9950a2 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Shadow Alignment: The Ease of Subverting Safely-Aligned Language Models
Reference 48
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e32e24a3-54a6-4a7b-90b4-d2f6d73c298e · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 49
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 12882652-4d8a-49cf-8534-c6f29466875e · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging A safety realignment framework via subspace-oriented model fusion for large language models
Reference 50
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 40debd29-8179-4299-83fe-610fa81c608a · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 51
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 586cd658-5738-43be-9949-725ac913fcb9 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Unresolved cited work
Reference 52
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1e0ab87e-e791-4654-bb2b-d4b6654abd16 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Weinberger, and Yoav Artzi
Reference 53
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Observation 5c7fd691-73c8-4b8e-adb4-c7ea122aa2da · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging LlamaFactory: Unified Efficient Fine-Tuning of 100+ Language Models
Reference 54
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d700507f-4e65-4384-836d-8df86fce00ec · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Instruction-Following Evaluation for Large Language Models
Reference 55
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 0ba08b25-c7d1-4545-896a-6847b723fea5 · outbound
Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging Safety Fine-Tuning at (Almost) No Cost: A Baseline for Vision Large Language Models
Reference 56
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b0cb59f1-cc2b-48e8-9ece-a4a3dd1880a4 · inbound
Layer-Aware Representation Filtering: Purifying Finetuning Data to Preserve LLM Safety Alignment Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging
Reference 9
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 31aeccf6-a041-46cc-b0e8-4aa66fe671e2 · inbound
Safety Alignment as Continual Learning: Mitigating the Alignment Tax via Orthogonal Gradient Projection Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 991fed19-b0ee-4399-a3e7-ca86572f825c · inbound
You Snooze, You Lose: Automatic Safety Alignment Restoration through Neural Weight Translation Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 0ab76c15-4a78-45d0-9611-7456edf670b7 · inbound
SafeSteer: Localized On-Policy Distillation for Efficient Safety Alignment Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging
Reference 34
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 321f8500-621c-4b33-b3a7-f30d06b63683 · inbound
SafeGene: Reusable Adapters for Transferable Safety Alignment Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 263505ab-b217-4b2e-b25a-28d22d546b0b · inbound
When Skills Meet Safety: Benchmarking and Characterizing the Adaptive Jailbreak Robustness of Skill-Merged LLMs Safeguard Fine-Tuned LLMs Through Pre- and Post-Tuning Model Merging
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.