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STI-Bench: Are MLLMs Ready for Precise Spatial-Temporal World Understanding?

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arxiv 2503.23765 v6 pith:3ROOSSE4 submitted 2025-03-31 cs.CV

classification cs.CV
keywords mllmsspatial-temporalunderstandingprecisetasksbenchmarkevaluatemodels
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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The use of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) as an end-to-end solution for Embodied AI and Autonomous Driving has become a prevailing trend. While MLLMs have been extensively studied for visual semantic understanding tasks, their ability to perform precise and quantitative spatial-temporal understanding in real-world applications remains largely unexamined, leading to uncertain prospects. To evaluate models' Spatial-Temporal Intelligence, we introduce STI-Bench, a benchmark designed to evaluate MLLMs' spatial-temporal understanding through challenging tasks such as estimating and predicting the appearance, pose, displacement, and motion of objects. Our benchmark encompasses a wide range of robot and vehicle operations across desktop, indoor, and outdoor scenarios. The extensive experiments reveals that the state-of-the-art MLLMs still struggle in real-world spatial-temporal understanding, especially in tasks requiring precise distance estimation and motion analysis.

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Cited by 7 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Q-GeoMem: Question-Guided Geometric Memory for Video Spatial Reasoning

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    Question-guided dual geometric memories with relevance-novelty utility reportedly reach state-of-the-art video spatial reasoning on two in-domain and five out-of-distribution benchmarks.

  2. $M^3-Verse$: A "Spot the Difference" Challenge for Large Multimodal Models

    cs.CV 2025-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A new benchmark tests whether large multimodal models can compare paired 'before and after' videos to detect scene changes, and finds current models perform near random.

  3. SpaceDrive: Infusing Spatial Awareness into VLM-based Autonomous Driving

    cs.CV 2025-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    SpaceDrive replaces textual coordinate tokens with shared 3D positional encodings in a VLM driving planner, achieving state-of-the-art open-loop planning on nuScenes and 78.02 Driving Score on Bench2Drive.

  4. EOC-Bench: Can MLLMs Identify, Recall, and Forecast Objects in an Egocentric World?

    cs.CV 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    EOC-Bench evaluates MLLMs on egocentric object cognition across past, present, and future temporal dimensions, finding large gaps versus humans, especially in absolute time perception.

  5. VerIPO: Cultivating Long Reasoning in Video-LLMs via Verifier-Gudied Iterative Policy Optimization

    cs.CL 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    VerIPO interleaves GRPO, a verifier that curates preference pairs from rollouts, and DPO to steadily improve accuracy and chain-of-thought consistency in video LLMs.

  6. HCRMP: A LLM-Hinted Contextual Reinforcement Learning Framework for Autonomous Driving

    cs.RO 2025-05 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    The HCRMP planner feeds LLM semantic hints into state representation and critic weighting instead of letting the LLM decide actions, reporting better CARLA driving metrics.

  7. The high-speed X-ray camera on AXIS: design and performance updates

    astro-ph.IM 2025-08 unverdicted novelty 4.0 of 10

    An X-ray camera design-update whose supporting full text is a different paper (RynnEC, an embodied AI model), leaving all camera performance claims unverified.

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