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Scaling Video-Language Models to 10K Frames via Hierarchical Differential Distillation

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arxiv 2504.02438 v5 pith:42WOSLCH submitted 2025-04-03 cs.CL cs.AI

classification cs.CLcs.AI
keywords vilampdifferentialwhileinformationtemporalcomputationaldistillationfeature
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Long-form video processing fundamentally challenges vision-language models (VLMs) due to the high computational costs of handling extended temporal sequences. Existing token pruning and feature merging methods often sacrifice critical temporal dependencies or dilute semantic information. We introduce differential distillation, a principled approach that systematically preserves task-relevant information while suppressing redundancy. Based on this principle, we develop ViLAMP, a hierarchical video-language model that processes hour-long videos at "mixed precision" through two key mechanisms: (1) differential keyframe selection that maximizes query relevance while maintaining temporal distinctiveness at the frame level and (2) differential feature merging that preserves query-salient features in non-keyframes at the patch level. Hence, ViLAMP retains full information in keyframes while reducing non-keyframes to their most salient features, resembling mixed-precision training. Extensive experiments demonstrate ViLAMP's superior performance across four video understanding benchmarks, particularly on long-form content. Notably, ViLAMP can process ultra-long videos (up to 10K frames) on a single NVIDIA A100 GPU, achieving substantial computational efficiency while maintaining state-of-the-art performance. Code and model are available at https://github.com/steven-ccq/ViLAMP.

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Cited by 7 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Evidence-Driven Dynamic Visual Selector for Efficient Long Video Understanding

    cs.CV 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    EviSelect uses the target multimodal model's internal attention as a prior to dynamically select frames, sampling rates, and resolutions, achieving about 50% token reduction and a 3.9x speedup with better benchmark accuracy.

  2. Efficient Frame Selection for Long Videos at Test Time with Attention-Based MLLM Selectors

    cs.CV 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Attention maps from a small MLLM can serve as a training-free, query-conditioned frame selector, improving long-video QA accuracy under fixed frame budgets.

  3. Stateful Token Reduction for Long-Video Hybrid VLMs

    cs.CV 2026-02 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    For hybrid Mamba–Transformer video models, keeping 25% of visual tokens with a query-based progressive schedule gives 3.8–4.2x prefilling speedups with near-baseline accuracy; the paper attributes this to stateful com...

  4. Multimodal Large Language Model-Enabled Video Translation: A Role-Oriented Survey

    cs.CV 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

    The paper offers the first focused review of MLLM-based video translation organized by a three-role taxonomy of Semantic Reasoner, Expressive Performer, and Visual Synthesizer, plus open challenges.

  5. Iterative Zoom-In: Temporal Interval Exploration for Long Video Understanding

    cs.CV 2025-06 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A confidence-guided iterative zoom-in framework improves long-video question answering for multimodal LLMs without any training.

  6. FlexSelect: Flexible Token Selection for Efficient Long Video Understanding

    cs.CV 2025-06 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    FlexSelect selects a small fraction of query-relevant visual tokens using attention from an intermediate layer, improving long-video accuracy and inference speed across multiple VideoLLMs.

  7. Infinite Video Understanding

    cs.CV 2025-07 conditional novelty 3.0 of 10

    The paper argues that video understanding research should aim at processing streams of arbitrary, unbounded duration and outlines the challenges, directions, and metrics needed.

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