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Discovery of extreme Quasi-Periodic Eruptions in a newly accreting massive black hole

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arxiv 2504.07169 v1 pith:MGBCMVHQ submitted 2025-04-09 astro-ph.HE astro-ph.GA

classification astro-ph.HEastro-ph.GA
keywords blackqpestimeaccretiondiscoveryemissioneruptionsextreme
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abstract

Quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) are rapid, recurring X-ray bursts from supermassive black holes, believed to result from interactions between accretion disks and surrounding matter. The galaxy SDSS1335+0728, previously stable for two decades, exhibited an increase in optical brightness in December 2019, followed by persistent Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN)-like variability for 5 years, suggesting the activation of a $\sim$10$^6\;M_\odot$ black hole. From February 2024, X-ray emission has been detected, revealing extreme $\sim$4.5-day QPEs with the highest fluxes and amplitudes, longest time scales, largest integrated energies, and a $\sim$25-day super-period. Low-significance UV variations are reported for the first time in a QPE host, likely related to the long timescales and large radii from which the emission originates. This discovery broadens the possible formation channels for QPEs, suggesting they are not linked solely to tidal disruption events but more generally to newly formed accretion flows, which we are witnessing in real time in a turn-on AGN candidate.

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Forward citations

Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. The Delay Time Distribution of Quasi-Periodic Eruptions

    astro-ph.GA 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    QPE host galaxies are more likely to have recently formed a large burst of stars (burst mass fraction above 1%) than TDE host galaxies or mass- and redshift-matched controls.

  2. Perturbing AGN Accretion Disks with Stars and Moderately Massive Black Holes: Implications for Changing-Look AGN and Quasi-Periodic Eruptions

    astro-ph.HE 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Spiral waves driven by an eccentric companion crossing an AGN disk produce accretion flares that can explain changing-look AGN with black hole perturbers and quasi-periodic eruptions with stellar perturbers.

  3. Modeling Star Formation Histories of Changing-Look AGN Host Galaxies with Prospector

    astro-ph.GA 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    CL-AGN host galaxies have star formation properties statistically indistinguishable from other Seyfert galaxies, with no evidence for rapid quenching or post-starburst histories.

  4. SRG/eROSITA No. 5: Discovery of quasi-periodic eruptions every ~3.7 days from a galaxy at z>0.1

    astro-ph.HE 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A new quasi-periodic X-ray eruption source, eRO-QPE5, repeats every 3.7 days at z=0.1155, making it the most distant QPE discovered.

  5. The radio properties of quasi-periodic X-ray eruption sources

    astro-ph.HE 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A systematic radio census of 12 quasi-periodic X-ray eruption sources finds weak compact radio emission in 5, no flare-correlated radio variability, and properties consistent with tidal disruption event outflows.

  6. Black hole-accretion disk collision in general relativity: Axisymmetric simulations

    astro-ph.HE 2025-04 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Black hole-disk collisions eject less mass than earlier models, with flare luminosity near the Eddington limit, while sustained super-Eddington accretion onto the black hole lasts for about a million Schwarzschild tim...

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