Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs

As of 14 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 72 of 72 outbound references and 11 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.16997.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.16997 v1

Coverage vector

measured 72 of 72 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:20.169929Z

measured 83 of 83 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00

measured 11 of 11 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T18:12:59.939425Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Reference resolution

72 of 72 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy37
unresolved35
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

2
arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

Observation e1bd94cc-2b2b-43d0-b96e-b99bf4444784 · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4 Technical Report.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs GPT-4 Technical Report

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:12.950934Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8c67f104-4051-4df1-9bda-796e6e07700f · outbound

This paper cites Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of context.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of context

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:13.094048Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bf1239fb-4081-4440-ab78-5176f4eabc48 · outbound

This paper cites Siren's Song in the AI Ocean: A Survey on Hallucination in Large Language Models.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Siren's Song in the AI Ocean: A Survey on Hallucination in Large Language Models

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:13.385647Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3532ae06-f22d-4dcf-bdb5-1d26d8ca71a8 · outbound

This paper cites Factscore: Fine-grained atomic evaluation of factual precision in long form text generation.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Factscore: Fine-grained atomic evaluation of factual precision in long form text generation

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:28.076017Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 5149f40a-1b30-48f0-ac8c-35f680f397d2 · outbound

This paper cites MAS-GPT: Training LLMs to build LLM-based multi-agent systems.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs MAS-GPT: Training LLMs to build LLM-based multi-agent systems

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:27.953582Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation ba4da8b6-77a4-4785-a73b-61772d402c46 · outbound

This paper cites Chatdev: Communicative agents for software development.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Chatdev: Communicative agents for software development

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:27.688239Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 88199a62-d141-44f3-acd7-fb5455d6ec78 · outbound

This paper cites Towards an AI co-scientist.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Towards an AI co-scientist

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:13.962802Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b7a056cb-406a-4d9d-b677-83c5e9be5e37 · outbound

This paper cites Metagpt: Meta programming for a multi-agent collaborative framework.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Metagpt: Meta programming for a multi-agent collaborative framework

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:27.525390Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 1ff3545c-988e-41a3-9e45-eee35e822c11 · outbound

This paper cites Macm: Utilizing a multi-agent system for condition mining in solving complex mathematical problems.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Macm: Utilizing a multi-agent system for condition mining in solving complex mathematical problems

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:27.319870Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 43d112a5-86f1-4627-8abd-b5bdd4589edc · outbound

This paper cites A dynamic llm-powered agent network for task-oriented agent collaboration.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs A dynamic llm-powered agent network for task-oriented agent collaboration

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:14.393877Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3d84dd75-8f8b-4c81-a378-e35ad8047585 · outbound

This paper cites Autonomous chemical research with large language models.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Autonomous chemical research with large language models

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:14.463701Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3642e7f3-8bd7-4580-8b8d-d1abe3edce3d · outbound

This paper cites The AI Scientist: Towards Fully Automated Open-Ended Scientific Discovery.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs The AI Scientist: Towards Fully Automated Open-Ended Scientific Discovery

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:14.585687Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5f8b6c3d-2c7a-4c79-9c91-a9766e5cf457 · outbound

This paper cites Self-evolving multi-agent networks for software development.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Self-evolving multi-agent networks for software development

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:27.133930Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 1ff88f16-11af-495d-8d73-4ff8313e22ad · outbound

This paper cites Improving factuality and reasoning in language models through multiagent debate.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Improving factuality and reasoning in language models through multiagent debate

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:14.919082Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 54228d32-20ea-49af-a86e-c896b534b948 · outbound

This paper cites Agentverse: Facilitating multi-agent collaboration and exploring emergent behaviors.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Agentverse: Facilitating multi-agent collaboration and exploring emergent behaviors

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:26.871977Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 22fc8921-5420-4b5a-bf01-41d5a2df7d14 · outbound

This paper cites Groups of diverse problem solvers can outperform groups of high-ability problem solvers.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Groups of diverse problem solvers can outperform groups of high-ability problem solvers

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:26.694205Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation d732d899-6d3b-42c5-99b4-863ab49cbcb6 · outbound

This paper cites Cognitive style as environmentally sensitive individual differences in cognition: A modern synthesis and applications in education, business, and management.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Cognitive style as environmentally sensitive individual differences in cognition: A modern synthesis and applications in education, business, and management

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:26.506457Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 16c97eb0-7f84-4adb-b45a-fe13c38527c7 · outbound

This paper cites Cognitive diversity, collective intelligence, and learning in teams.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Cognitive diversity, collective intelligence, and learning in teams

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:26.301833Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 73cca058-bfd3-4c04-92a8-1bd9ed429c94 · outbound

This paper cites Qwen2.5 Technical Report.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Qwen2.5 Technical Report

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:15.492500Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fd49d9b7-e81c-4c2f-b775-c537afe546c4 · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:15.666814Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4bf57dbc-c0ac-405b-b92d-fc51bffb92ce · outbound

This paper cites Qwen2.5-Math Technical Report: Toward Mathematical Expert Model via Self-Improvement.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Qwen2.5-Math Technical Report: Toward Mathematical Expert Model via Self-Improvement

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:15.859990Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e9e3eb3f-3f10-494d-b5e1-2eb764672729 · outbound

This paper cites Self-refine: Iterative refinement with self-feedback.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Self-refine: Iterative refinement with self-feedback

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:16.007804Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9856dbcf-8260-4dc4-bf8c-36d22dde4ecf · outbound

This paper cites Scaling large language model-based multi-agent collaboration.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Scaling large language model-based multi-agent collaboration

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:16.158573Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 92536cbe-cef3-4b47-b376-0609acc6a87f · outbound

This paper cites Encouraging divergent thinking in large language models through multi-agent debate.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Encouraging divergent thinking in large language models through multi-agent debate

Reference 25

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:26.058077Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 5fe8adf3-ccf5-46b8-b4f7-323cc3f23464 · outbound

This paper cites Mapcoder: Multi-agent code generation for competitive problem solving.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Mapcoder: Multi-agent code generation for competitive problem solving

Reference 26

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:25.892785Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 67181ac2-b86b-4b09-a240-3e368401dca5 · outbound

This paper cites Measuring mathematical problem solving with the math dataset.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Measuring mathematical problem solving with the math dataset

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:16.641702Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1787364b-8022-4bff-8506-a43967a5b2f3 · outbound

This paper cites Automated design of agentic systems.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Automated design of agentic systems

Reference 28

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:25.764326Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 93eade86-d82b-467f-aa46-7b6b98a26fbc · outbound

This paper cites Less is more: Using multiple LLMs for applications with lower costs.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Less is more: Using multiple LLMs for applications with lower costs

Reference 29

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:25.523147Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 3b63b271-586d-4d89-b813-dad77ffb6e01 · outbound

This paper cites CollabStory: Multi-LLM Collaborative Story Generation and Authorship Analysis.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs CollabStory: Multi-LLM Collaborative Story Generation and Authorship Analysis

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:16.987442Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0fa5ef8e-e702-436c-9719-bd1660e6ada1 · outbound

This paper cites Llm-blender: Ensembling large language models with pairwise ranking and generative fusion.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Llm-blender: Ensembling large language models with pairwise ranking and generative fusion

Reference 31

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:25.292594Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation b15b70bb-5315-40b8-8754-0039bebf16e2 · outbound

This paper cites Mixture-of-agents enhances large language model capabilities.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Mixture-of-agents enhances large language model capabilities

Reference 32

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:25.110130Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation bf854170-7f33-4f87-a6e1-e30049418d3a · outbound

This paper cites Reconcile: Round-table conference improves reasoning via consensus among diverse llms.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Reconcile: Round-table conference improves reasoning via consensus among diverse llms

Reference 33

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:24.917779Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation c885b066-ba05-4f35-8790-977fb7e04a8b · outbound

This paper cites MasRouter: Learning to Route LLMs for Multi-Agent Systems.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs MasRouter: Learning to Route LLMs for Multi-Agent Systems

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:17.289868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8592dca8-5183-4e6f-96e7-6ab3ccf6a063 · outbound

This paper cites Swe-bench: Can language models resolve real-world github issues? In The Twelfth International Conference on Learning Representations, 2024.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Swe-bench: Can language models resolve real-world github issues? In The Twelfth International Conference on Learning Representations, 2024

Reference 35

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:24.804763Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 45235036-775a-462a-8036-5fbb352037d8 · outbound

This paper cites GPQA: A Graduate-Level Google-Proof Q&A Benchmark.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs GPQA: A Graduate-Level Google-Proof Q&A Benchmark

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:17.427258Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7039e55a-abaa-4b5b-a919-638a3732ebf8 · outbound

This paper cites Introducing healthbench.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Introducing healthbench

Reference 37

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:24.588469Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 61f62060-dac7-4daf-89b3-263bf2a875a8 · outbound

This paper cites Pixiu: a large language model, instruction data and evaluation benchmark for finance.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Pixiu: a large language model, instruction data and evaluation benchmark for finance

Reference 38

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:24.361448Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 32d64737-d2e5-4d59-8114-15e077e82a80 · outbound

This paper cites Planbench: An extensible benchmark for evaluating large language models on planning and reasoning about change.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Planbench: An extensible benchmark for evaluating large language models on planning and reasoning about change

Reference 39

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:24.175769Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 7a140101-cb25-4fb9-ab36-9620dbbd50b3 · outbound

This paper cites Judgebench: A benchmark for evaluating LLM-based judges.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Judgebench: A benchmark for evaluating LLM-based judges

Reference 40

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7378a532-c655-434d-b390-565fd30d50e2 · outbound

This paper cites Mistral-7b-instruct-v0.3.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Mistral-7b-instruct-v0.3

Reference 41

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:23.988035Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation f931654f-aa19-479f-a8f5-314a995b9a49 · outbound

This paper cites Mistral-small-3.1-24b-instruct-2503.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Mistral-small-3.1-24b-instruct-2503

Reference 42

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:23.741812Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation c0b110d7-d02e-43fe-8ba6-466fd1d4db17 · outbound

This paper cites Qwen2.5-Coder Technical Report.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Qwen2.5-Coder Technical Report

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:17.927682Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 53fbc1bd-69b7-491e-a25d-0a0ecd31a65f · outbound

This paper cites Developing chemdfm as a large language foundation model for chemistry.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Developing chemdfm as a large language foundation model for chemistry

Reference 44

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:23.448656Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 388f5004-f7fd-42fd-aa3f-875472ee7a79 · outbound

This paper cites Sciphi-mistral-7b-32k.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Sciphi-mistral-7b-32k

Reference 45

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:23.063346Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 48b074f4-260f-4803-a308-e9882c1bbdc6 · outbound

This paper cites Llama3-xuanyuan3-70b-chat.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Llama3-xuanyuan3-70b-chat

Reference 46

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:22.811321Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 97795c31-42e4-4a17-a938-6d47cfbef5c5 · outbound

This paper cites Zhilu-2-8b-instruct.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Zhilu-2-8b-instruct

Reference 47

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:22.477046Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 74572775-f553-4d80-b591-d13b0bfcbe01 · outbound

This paper cites DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning

Reference 48

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:18.300778Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0c54b62f-0d57-4e6f-abdc-fa3763194e6a · outbound

This paper cites Qwq-32b: Embracing the power of reinforcement learning, March 2025.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Qwq-32b: Embracing the power of reinforcement learning, March 2025

Reference 49

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:18.353587Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bc82ec2e-a322-4f9b-bebc-268086e7fa4f · outbound

This paper cites Open Thoughts.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Open Thoughts

Reference 50

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:18.426104Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9f289a62-e54f-491f-805c-4b16c33daf91 · outbound

This paper cites Program induction by rationale generation: Learning to solve and explain algebraic word problems.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Program induction by rationale generation: Learning to solve and explain algebraic word problems

Reference 51

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:22.322992Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 623ad1e0-a422-4864-a833-f9838bd8de86 · outbound

This paper cites Pal: Program-aided language models.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Pal: Program-aided language models

Reference 52

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:18.582867Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation cc74f0ac-f4b5-4356-a7fe-21e96d54b07a · outbound

This paper cites Aime-2024.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Aime-2024

Reference 53

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:21.986194Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation a9537493-538a-4b25-95c2-d0e0d6cfcbde · outbound

This paper cites Measuring massive multitask language understanding.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Measuring massive multitask language understanding

Reference 54

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:18.745409Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 001c3634-310c-46ea-92c5-7742de7d2840 · outbound

This paper cites MMLU-pro: A more robust and challenging multi-task language understanding benchmark.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs MMLU-pro: A more robust and challenging multi-task language understanding benchmark

Reference 55

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:21.807179Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 6f343a77-5bae-4b11-960b-cd7328470781 · outbound

This paper cites Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Code.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Code

Reference 56

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:18.856269Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2deb4640-c132-41db-9ee7-022260c8860b · outbound

This paper cites Program Synthesis with Large Language Models.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Program Synthesis with Large Language Models

Reference 57

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:18.923843Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0af168d1-adda-489b-abfd-8bfab6a0c681 · outbound

This paper cites Is your code generated by chatGPT really correct? rigorous evaluation of large language models for code generation.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Is your code generated by chatGPT really correct? rigorous evaluation of large language models for code generation

Reference 58

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:18.988619Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 777e1df8-fdb1-47e2-9829-3bdc38f3ffb3 · outbound

This paper cites Scibench: Evaluating college-level scientific problem- solving abilities of large language models.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Scibench: Evaluating college-level scientific problem- solving abilities of large language models

Reference 59

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:21.656683Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation efe5d50a-0dd7-4c89-a13c-c98f85acb07f · outbound

This paper cites Scieval: A multi-level large language model evaluation benchmark for scientific research.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Scieval: A multi-level large language model evaluation benchmark for scientific research

Reference 60

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:21.503402Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 033ffbba-dc08-4792-b726-e61d3ce34555 · outbound

This paper cites Sciknoweval: Evaluating multi-level scientific knowledge of large language models.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Sciknoweval: Evaluating multi-level scientific knowledge of large language models

Reference 61

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:19.192621Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b6b8c028-d67c-4ef5-9e5b-eac0fd7da4cb · outbound

This paper cites Medmcqa: A large-scale multi- subject multi-choice dataset for medical domain question answering.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Medmcqa: A large-scale multi- subject multi-choice dataset for medical domain question answering

Reference 62

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:21.346240Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 176f82b3-9a87-41d1-9bba-98d1b581b4c9 · outbound

This paper cites What disease does this patient have? a large-scale open domain question answering dataset from medical exams.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs What disease does this patient have? a large-scale open domain question answering dataset from medical exams

Reference 63

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:19.323713Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 25a0e1c0-5648-4354-b07c-9b154607500c · outbound

This paper cites Pubmedqa: A dataset for biomedical research question answering.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Pubmedqa: A dataset for biomedical research question answering

Reference 64

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:21.167655Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 32132789-63dc-4736-8df1-4aff64f30525 · outbound

This paper cites FinanceBench: A New Benchmark for Financial Question Answering.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs FinanceBench: A New Benchmark for Financial Question Answering

Reference 65

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:19.488106Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 57d8df30-03e8-4eab-b25e-e6c52a9aab9d · outbound

This paper cites Finqa: A dataset of numerical reasoning over financial data.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Finqa: A dataset of numerical reasoning over financial data

Reference 66

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:19.580778Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 456b63be-2a3e-4829-9003-911f4bc8b422 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 67

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:21.023859Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation dfb331ff-ccab-41e9-96dd-889666824425 · outbound

This paper cites Aime2025.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Aime2025

Reference 68

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:20.805772Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation f6c6a078-025c-44de-bc9c-4dac425e4d73 · outbound

This paper cites ReSo: A Reward-driven Self-organizing LLM-based Multi-Agent System for Reasoning Tasks.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs ReSo: A Reward-driven Self-organizing LLM-based Multi-Agent System for Reasoning Tasks

Reference 69

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:19.901471Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 66e6587a-168d-4315-8abc-c53063c7e9ef · outbound

This paper cites Codestral-22b-v0.1.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Codestral-22b-v0.1

Reference 70

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:20.688926Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 41a05d09-9376-4706-9575-2d7832ebcdc2 · outbound

This paper cites Openbiollms: Advancing open-source large language models for healthcare and life sciences.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Openbiollms: Advancing open-source large language models for healthcare and life sciences

Reference 71

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:20.590081Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation cdd69850-37bc-4bfc-9052-f6da866a1529 · outbound

This paper cites BioMedGPT: Open Multimodal Generative Pre-trained Transformer for BioMedicine.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs BioMedGPT: Open Multimodal Generative Pre-trained Transformer for BioMedicine

Reference 72

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:20.169929Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6c514cbe-bf91-4a78-9c22-776779b1d4ef · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 2024

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:56:16.448880Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

Observation 3a0deef6-b5a5-46c0-893e-2f70b92aef8b · inbound

How to Train a Leader: Hierarchical Reasoning in Multi-Agent LLMs cites this paper.

How to Train a Leader: Hierarchical Reasoning in Multi-Agent LLMs X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs

Reference 68

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T18:12:59.939425Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ee1a5778-d955-436d-8b32-97dfe90e0fe1 · inbound

A Survey of Self-Evolving Agents: What, When, How, and Where to Evolve on the Path to Artificial Super Intelligence cites this paper.

A Survey of Self-Evolving Agents: What, When, How, and Where to Evolve on the Path to Artificial Super Intelligence X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs

Reference 269

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-14T22:23:15.331641Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 870c481d-cd7e-451d-9223-9629cb0860f9 · inbound

Beyond Sentiment: A Multi-Agent Pipeline for Actionable Business Advice from Reviews cites this paper.

Beyond Sentiment: A Multi-Agent Pipeline for Actionable Business Advice from Reviews X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs

Reference 1

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-16T13:07:54.668119Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 7c44401f-ea6e-4758-b0ca-1874ae02f04d · inbound

From Skills to Talent: Organising Heterogeneous Agents as a Real-World Company cites this paper.

From Skills to Talent: Organising Heterogeneous Agents as a Real-World Company X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs

Reference 20

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T19:21:09.515950Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation de470aa8-f4fa-4362-b476-0517a7a04cb8 · inbound

Heterogeneous Scientific Foundation Model Collaboration cites this paper.

Heterogeneous Scientific Foundation Model Collaboration X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs

Reference 52

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-09T04:30:11.028332Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 25fb9b2d-14f6-465b-844f-9af3faa01319 · inbound

FlowCompile: An Optimizing Compiler for Structured LLM Workflows cites this paper.

FlowCompile: An Optimizing Compiler for Structured LLM Workflows X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs

Reference 26

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-14T19:49:25.952279Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 30815989-28b0-4f59-8c93-c4cafc891c4e · inbound

Beyond Individual Intelligence: Surveying Collaboration, Failure Attribution, and Self-Evolution in LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems cites this paper.

Beyond Individual Intelligence: Surveying Collaboration, Failure Attribution, and Self-Evolution in LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs

Reference 172

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-15T03:08:57.839900Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation e1c8c8b9-5ac6-4656-864a-61492551539e · inbound

Beyond Individual Intelligence: Surveying Collaboration, Failure Attribution, and Self-Evolution in LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems cites this paper.

Beyond Individual Intelligence: Surveying Collaboration, Failure Attribution, and Self-Evolution in LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs

Reference 173

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-19T16:52:39.964020Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation d68c4a99-50b6-4d58-8fbf-bd22a89f52b3 · inbound

Response-Conditioned Parallel-to-Sequential Orchestration for Multi-Agent Systems cites this paper.

Response-Conditioned Parallel-to-Sequential Orchestration for Multi-Agent Systems X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs

Reference 8

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-20T19:33:42.346287Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 3314c09e-1789-48e1-bc09-abf0887291b2 · inbound

From Model Scaling to System Scaling: Scaling the Harness in Agentic AI cites this paper.

From Model Scaling to System Scaling: Scaling the Harness in Agentic AI X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs

Reference 45

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-29T21:33:59.158363Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 51317599-fc8e-4b72-98e3-4c6fb2fd7b45 · inbound

Escaping the Self-Confirmation Trap: An Execute-Distill-Verify Paradigm for Agentic Experience Learning cites this paper.

Escaping the Self-Confirmation Trap: An Execute-Distill-Verify Paradigm for Agentic Experience Learning X-MAS: Towards Building Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs

Reference 17

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-04T17:19:59.969352Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.