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arxiv: 2604.22845 · v1 · submitted 2026-04-21 · ⚛️ physics.gen-ph

Recognition: unknown

Novel Regge-like trajectories for spinning, dilating, hadronic particles

Damianos Iosifidis

Pith reviewed 2026-05-10 00:30 UTC · model grok-4.3

classification ⚛️ physics.gen-ph
keywords Regge trajectorieshypermomentumdilation currentshear currentspinning particleshadronic particlesnonmetricitytorsion
0
0 comments X

The pith

Spinning and dilating hadrons follow Regge-like trajectories where their dynamical mass depends on hypermomentum currents.

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The paper investigates the motion of particles that spin and dilate while possessing hadronic properties, placed in a geometric setting that includes curvature, torsion, and nonmetricity. It employs generalized spin supplementary conditions and introduces a shear supplementary condition to model these particles. The analysis reveals novel Regge-like trajectories that connect the particle's mass to its dilation and shear currents arising from hypermomentum. Consequently, the rest mass of such particles is not generally a constant of motion. This challenges the usual assumption of fixed rest mass for hadrons and suggests new ways to understand their dynamics.

Core claim

For a spinning, dilating particle with hadronic properties moving on a generic geometric background with curvature, torsion, and nonmetricity, the dynamical mass evolves according to novel Regge-like trajectories relating the mass to the dilation and/or the shear currents of hypermomentum. The generalized spin supplementary conditions together with the introduced shear supplementary condition lead to the result that the rest mass is not a constant of motion in general.

What carries the argument

The novel Regge-like trajectories that relate the dynamical mass to the dilation and shear currents of hypermomentum, derived using generalized spin and shear supplementary conditions.

If this is right

  • The rest mass of hadronic particles changes during motion instead of remaining fixed.
  • Mass can be expressed in terms of dilation current or shear current along the trajectory.
  • The motion of such particles depends on their hypermomentum properties in addition to standard forces.
  • Particles without dilation or shear currents may still have constant mass under certain conditions.

Where Pith is reading between the lines

These are editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • If these trajectories hold, then models of hadron interactions in curved spaces with torsion might need to account for mass variation.
  • Experimental searches for mass changes in high-spin hadrons could test this idea.
  • Extensions to other particles like leptons might not apply since they lack hadronic properties.

Load-bearing premise

That the generalized spin supplementary conditions and the shear supplementary condition accurately describe the dynamics of hadronic particles.

What would settle it

An observation of a spinning dilating hadron whose rest mass remains strictly constant despite nonzero dilation or shear currents would contradict the trajectories.

read the original abstract

We study the of motion of a spinning, dilating particle with hadronic properties moving on a generic geometric background including curvature, torsion, and nonmetricity. In particular, we discuss generalized spin supplementary conditions and also introduce the concept of a shear supplementary condition. Using these, we investigate the evolution of the dynamical mass of the microstructured test body and the cases where the latter is a constant of motion. In general, we find novel Regge-like trajectories relating the mass to the dilation and/or the shear currents of hypermomentum. This means that for particles with hadronic properties, the rest mass is not a constant of motion in general.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit. Tearing a paper down is the easy half of reading it; the pith above is the substance, this is the friction.

Referee Report

2 major / 1 minor

Summary. The paper examines the motion of spinning and dilating test particles possessing hadronic properties on a generic background spacetime that includes curvature, torsion, and nonmetricity. It employs generalized spin supplementary conditions and introduces a new shear supplementary condition to analyze the evolution of the dynamical mass, deriving novel Regge-like trajectories that relate the mass to the dilation and/or shear currents of hypermomentum and concluding that the rest mass is not a constant of motion in general.

Significance. If the central derivations hold after addressing the grounding of the supplementary conditions, the work would extend Regge trajectory phenomenology into the domain of hypermomentum-carrying bodies in non-Riemannian geometries, providing a framework where mass variation arises naturally from dilation and shear currents; this could inform models of hadron structure and dynamics beyond standard general relativity.

major comments (2)
  1. [Discussion of supplementary conditions (following abstract)] The shear supplementary condition is introduced to close the system and obtain the mass-dilation/shear trajectories, but the manuscript provides no derivation from hadronic microstructure, variational principles, or first principles; this assumption is load-bearing for the claim that rest mass is not constant in general and requires explicit justification or reduction to known limits.
  2. [Abstract and results on trajectories] The abstract states that generalized spin supplementary conditions are discussed and used to investigate cases where dynamical mass is constant, yet without explicit equations of motion, the form of the trajectories, or parameter counts in the provided text, it is impossible to verify whether the relations are derived without hidden reductions or fitting.
minor comments (1)
  1. Notation for hypermomentum currents and the distinction between dynamical mass and rest mass should be clarified with explicit definitions early in the text to aid readability.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

2 responses · 0 unresolved

We thank the referee for their thorough review and valuable comments on our manuscript. We address each of the major comments below and indicate the revisions we plan to make to improve the clarity and justification of our results.

read point-by-point responses

  1. Referee: The shear supplementary condition is introduced to close the system and obtain the mass-dilation/shear trajectories, but the manuscript provides no derivation from hadronic microstructure, variational principles, or first principles; this assumption is load-bearing for the claim that rest mass is not constant in general and requires explicit justification or reduction to known limits.

    Authors: We acknowledge that the shear supplementary condition is introduced to close the system and derive the trajectories relating the dynamical mass to dilation and shear currents. While motivated by the structure of hypermomentum in non-Riemannian geometries for hadronic particles, we agree that it lacks an explicit derivation from first principles in the manuscript. This is a valid point, and we will revise the manuscript to include a more detailed justification, including its analogy to spin supplementary conditions and reductions to known cases where the mass remains constant or follows standard Regge trajectories. This addition will better support our conclusion that the rest mass is not a constant of motion in general. revision: yes

  2. Referee: The abstract states that generalized spin supplementary conditions are discussed and used to investigate cases where dynamical mass is constant, yet without explicit equations of motion, the form of the trajectories, or parameter counts in the provided text, it is impossible to verify whether the relations are derived without hidden reductions or fitting.

    Authors: The manuscript does provide the equations of motion and derives the explicit forms of the Regge-like trajectories from the generalized conditions without fitting parameters. However, to make this more accessible and address the concern about verifiability, we will update the abstract to better reflect the content and add explicit summaries of the equations, trajectory forms, and parameter counts in the main text. This will allow readers to follow the derivations more clearly. revision: yes

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No significant circularity; trajectories follow from explicitly introduced supplementary conditions

full rationale

The derivation proceeds by imposing generalized spin supplementary conditions plus a newly introduced shear supplementary condition on the equations of motion for a spinning, dilating test body in a background with curvature, torsion and nonmetricity. The novel Regge-like mass-dilation/shear relations are obtained as solutions under these closures. No step reduces by construction to a fitted parameter, self-citation chain, or redefinition of the target result; the mass variation is a direct consequence of the chosen dynamical constraints rather than an input. The paper is therefore self-contained once the supplementary conditions are accepted as modeling assumptions for hadronic microstructure.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

0 free parameters · 1 axioms · 0 invented entities

The central claim rests on the standard framework of metric-affine gravity with hypermomentum and the validity of the chosen supplementary conditions; no free parameters or new entities are mentioned in the abstract.

axioms (1)
  • domain assumption Equations of motion for a spinning, dilating test body in a generic background with curvature, torsion, and nonmetricity
    The study is built on the established equations of motion in metric-affine geometry.

pith-pipeline@v0.9.0 · 5398 in / 1222 out tokens · 50064 ms · 2026-05-10T00:30:01.805354+00:00 · methodology

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Reference graph

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